Urinary tract infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: One risk factor for pyelonephritis is urinary tract _____

Answer: obstruction (not infection)

Flashcard 2: One risk factor for pyelonephritis is _____ reflux

Answer: vesicoureteral

Flashcard 3: What endocrine pathology is associated with UTI? _____

Answer: Diabetes mellitus

Flashcard 4: Impaired _____ emptying increases risk for UTI

Answer: bladder

Flashcard 5: What syndrome is caused by a faulty urothelium, resulting in dysuria, urinary urgency, and urinary frequency?_____

Answer: Interstitial Cystitis

Flashcard 6: What is the general treatment for acute pyelonephritis? _____

Answer: Antibiotics

Flashcard 7: UTI's are associated with _____ incontinence

Answer: urgency

Flashcard 8: UTI most commonly arises due to _____ infection (ascending or descending)

Answer: ascending

Flashcard 9: Chest X-ray (CXR) findings in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

Answer: Diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities / interstitial infiltrates on CXR

Extra: - Common opportunistic infection in HIV (CD4 < 200). - Diagnosis: Silver stain (Methenamine silver) from BAL or induced sputum. - Treatment: High-dose TMP-SMX + Steroids (if PaO2 < 70 mmHg or A-a gradient > 35).

Flashcard 10: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect the _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer: CNS