Tuberculosis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Conditions that cause _____ include infection, medication, vestibular dysfunction, and chemoradiation

Answer: vomiting

Flashcard 2: What is the prognosis for miliary tuberculosis?_____

Answer: Poor (100% fatality if not treated)

Flashcard 3: Macrolides can be used to treat _____ caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.

Answer: Community-acquired pneumonia

Flashcard 4: Which organism is classically associated with vertebral osteomyelitis (Pott disease)?

Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Flashcard 5: What symptoms does primary TB typically present with? _____

Answer: Generally asymptomatic

Flashcard 6: Chest X-ray (CXR) findings in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

Answer: Diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities / interstitial infiltrates on CXR

Extra: - Common opportunistic infection in HIV (CD4 < 200). - Diagnosis: Silver stain (Methenamine silver) from BAL or induced sputum. - Treatment: High-dose TMP-SMX + Steroids (if PaO2 < 70 mmHg or A-a gradient > 35).

Flashcard 7: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect the _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer: CNS

Flashcard 8: prostatitis

Answer: acute - bacterial infection chronic - usually sterile

Extra: in male: dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency, low back pain

Flashcard 9: lateral medullary syndrome

Answer: PICA stroke

Extra: acute vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus; loss of pain/temp in limbs/face, dysphagia, hoarseness, Horner's syndrome, ataxia, dysmetria, loss of gag reflexmnemonic: Don't PIC A hoarse that can't eat.

Flashcard 10: What is the characteristic feature and typical triggers of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)?

Answer: Demyelination following recent infection (e.g., Measles, VZV) or vaccination.

Extra: Characterized by multifocal perivenular inflammation and demyelination. Typically presents as a monophasic illness in children.