Heart failure — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: Diastolic dysfunction (heart failure) occurs due to decreased _____, often secondary to myocardial concentric hypertrophy

Answer: compliance

Extra: * due to concentric hypertrophy & increased wall thickness

Flashcard 52: _____ shock may be caused by acute MI, HF, valvular dysfunction, and arrhythmia (pump failure)

Answer: Cardiogenic

Flashcard 53: Pneumonia may present with _____ breath sounds and dullness to percussion

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 54: Digoxin is used for symptomatic relief of chronic _____

Answer: systolic heart failure

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Cardiac Glycosides)

Flashcard 55: The decreased ionized Ca2+ in chronic renal failure causes _____, which is characterized by increased levels of PTH

Answer: secondary hyperparathyroidism

Flashcard 56: Restrictive cardiomyopathy can present with JVD and a prominent _____ on jugular venous pressure tracings

Answer: Y descent

Flashcard 57: Congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, and excessive peripheral edema may cause _____ hyperaldosteronism

Answer: secondary

Flashcard 58: What is the fractional excretion of Na+ (FENa) in acute tubular necrosis? _____

Answer: > 2% (elevated)

Extra: Other: Goljan:

Flashcard 59: ACS, dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular insufficiency, and L-R shunts may cause _____ heart failure

Answer: systolic

Flashcard 60: How does ejection fraction change in heart failure with diastolic dysfunction? _____

Answer: Preserved EF