Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Answer:

Extra: nodular enlargement of the periurethral (lateral and middle) lobes of the prostate, compressing the urethraurinary frequency, nocturia, difficulty starting/stopping flos, dysuriaincreased: free prostate-specific antigen (PSA)α1-antagonists (terazosin, tamsulosin); finasteridemen >50 y/ohyperplasia, NOT hypertrophyif untreated may lead to distention and hypertrophy of bladder, hydronephrosis, UTIs

Flashcard 2: vertigo

Answer: sensation of spinning while stationary; subtype of "dizziness" but distinct from "lightheadedness"

Flashcard 3: hypertriglyceridemia (hyperlipidemia type IV)

Answer:

Extra: defect in production of VLDLpancreatitiselevated VLDL and TGAD

Flashcard 4: _____ is a cancer caused by HPV in HIV patients that often presents at the anus (in MSMs) or the cervix

Answer: Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Extra:   Watch Human papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-human-papillomavirus-papillomaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Anorectal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-cytomegalovirus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 5: _____ is a group of disorders of the renal tubules that lead to normal anion gap (hyperchloremic) metabolic acidosis

Answer: Renal tubular acidosis

Extra:   Watch Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-volume-electrolyte-and-acidbase-disorders-renal-tubular-acidosis-rta?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/acid-base-physiology?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki 

Flashcard 6: Which cause(s) of painful genital ulceration present with painful inguinal lymph nodes? _____

Answer: Chancroid (H. ducreyi)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 7: Vitamin B12 deficiency may result in _____ paresis due to damage to the lateral corticospinal tract of the spinal cord

Answer: spastic

Extra:   Watch Megaloblastic Anemia Folate Deficiency & Vitamin B Deficiency [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-blood-coagulation/videos/medical-pathophysiology-blood-and-coagulation-normocytic-and-macrocytic-anemias-intravascular-hemolysis-overiew-and-paroxysmal-nocturnal-hemoglobinuria-pnh?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/macrocytic-anemia?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/macrocytic-anemia/acquire?ref=anki Other: 

Flashcard 8: Which parasitic infection can present with cysts in the brain? _____

Answer: Neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/helminths/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 9: The Whipple's triad help confirm symptomatic hypoglycemia - low blood _____ - _____ of hypoglycemia - resolution of symptoms after normalization of _____ levels

Answer: glucose

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Flashcard 10: The tears in Mallory-Weiss syndrome are caused by a rapid increase in _____ pressure (ex. retching, vomiting)

Answer: intraabdominal

Extra:   Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki Atlas: