Hypertension diagnosis and management — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Patients with scleroderma can present with a sclerodermal renal crisis, which is an intense renal failure that causes _____

Answer: hypertensive emergency

Flashcard 2: The first line treatment for hypercholesterolemia (LDL) is with lifestyle modification and _____

Answer: statins

Flashcard 3: In patients with hypertension and what comorbidity should ACE inhibitors / ARBs become first line?_____

Answer: Hypertension with Diabetes Mellitus

Flashcard 4: Hypertensive retinopathy revolves around retinal damage due to chronic _____ hypertension

Answer: uncontrolled

Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/hypertension?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 5: What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in elderly males? _____

Answer: Atherosclerosis

Flashcard 6: _____ hypertension (5-10% of cases) is due to an identifiable etiology

Answer: Secondary

Flashcard 7: What is Ebstein's anomaly?

Answer: atrialized right ventricle

Flashcard 8: medial medullary syndrome

Answer: stroke in paramedian branches of ASA and/or vertebral arteries

Extra: lower limb hemiparesis, loss of proprioception, tongue deviation

Flashcard 9: migraine headache

Answer: irritation of CN 5, meninges, and/or blood vessels

Extra: release of substance P, CGRP, vasoactive peptidespulsating unilateral headache; 4-72 hr duration; +/- nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, auraabortive - triptans prophylactic - propranalol, topiramate 

Flashcard 10: familial hypercholesterolemia (hyperlipidemia type IIA)

Answer:

Extra: severe atherosclerotic disease early in life, tendon xanthomas, corneal arcus, very early MIelevated LDL and cholesterolADLDL receptor