Anatomical approach to differential diagnosis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: A positive _____ sign is when minor pressure induces skin separation

Answer: Nikolsky

Flashcard 2: T-wave inversion may indicate recent _____

Answer: myocardial infarction (MI)

Flashcard 3: _____ ("cold sores") is characterized by painful, shallow, red ulcers involving the oral mucosa

Answer: Oral herpes

Flashcard 4: _____ vertigo may be caused by vestibular nerve infection

Answer: Peripheral

Flashcard 5: What is the most common cause of new-onset seizures in adults aged 35–65?

Answer: Brain tumor

Extra: Common causes of seizures by age: - **Children**: Febrile (most common), genetic, infection, trauma, congenital. - **Young adults (18–35)**: Trauma, alcohol withdrawal, illicit drugs. - **Adults (35–65)**: Brain tumor, stroke, trauma. - **Elderly (>65)**: Stroke (most common), tumor, trauma, metabolic.

Flashcard 6: Do patients with Radial Head Subluxation present with Wrist Drop?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 7: _____ syndrome presents with jaundice during stress, illness, or fasting

Answer: Gilbert

Flashcard 8: The following signs and symptoms are characteristic of what disease: broad-based ataxia, positive Romberg, Argyll-Robertson pupil, Charcot joint, stroke

Answer: Tertiary syphilis (specifically Tabes dorsalis and meningovascular syphilis)

Flashcard 9: The following signs and symptoms are characteristic of what diesase: constitutional symptoms, maculopapuar rash (especially on palms and soles)

Answer: secondary syphilis

Flashcard 10: What are the signs and symptoms of stage 3 Lyme disease?

Answer: arthritis, encephalopathy, polyneuropathy