Study Design — Flashcards

Flashcard 221: Increased precision is associated with _____ statistical power (1 - β)

Answer: increased

Flashcard 222: What is the equation for standard error?

Answer: SE = SD / √n

Extra: Standard Error (SE) = Standard Deviation (SD) / Square root of the sample size (n). SE measures how far the sample mean of the data is likely to be from the true population mean. It decreases as sample size increases.

Flashcard 223: What is the relationship between the mean, median, mode in a positively skewed distribution?_____

Answer: Mean > median > mode

Flashcard 224: Patients typically get exposed to _____ radiation via exposure to the sunlight

Answer: Non-Ionizing

Flashcard 225: What type of bias is caused by increased detection of diseases (e.g. cancer) with a more benign course? _____

Answer: Length-time bias

Flashcard 226: _____ surveys are observational studies that compare a frequency of disease and frequency of risk related factors at one time point

Answer: Cross-sectional

Flashcard 227: The power of a study is increased with _____ sample size

Answer: increased

Flashcard 228: In a Ratio of A/B, is A part of B? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 229: What type of studies assess the frequency of a given characteristic and a given outcome using population data?_____

Answer: Ecological study

Flashcard 230: A _____ is similar to a Chi-square test in that it is used to compare categorical outcomes but in small populations.

Answer: fisher's exact test