Sensitivity/Specificity US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Sensitivity/Specificity with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Sensitivity/Specificity Flashcard Deck - 45 Cards
Flashcard 1: Under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, what is the expected frequency of an X-linked recessive disease in males? Females?
Answer: males - q
females - q2 (if condition is survivable)
Flashcard 2: coefficient of determination (r2) (biostatistics)
Answer: measure of correlation
0 indicates no relationship
1 indicates perfect concordance
Flashcard 3: Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) (biostatistics)
Answer: measure of linear correlation
-1 is perfect inverse relationship
1 is perfect direct relationship
Flashcard 4: What is the Chi-square (X2) test used for? (biostatistics)
Answer: compare proportions of categorical outcomes between two groups (not comparison of means!)
Flashcard 5: Which parameters, sens/spec or PPV/NPV are affected by prevalence of the disease in the population?
Answer: PPV/NPV
Flashcard 6: PPV (biostatistics)
Answer: Probability that a person actually has disease given a positive test result.
Extra: PPV = TP/(TP+FP)
Flashcard 7: NPV (biostatistics)
Answer: Probability that a person does not have disease given a negative test result.
Extra: NPV = TN/(TN+FN)
Flashcard 8: With increased prevalence, how are PPV and NPV changed? _____
Answer: PPV increases and NPV decreases
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: In a Ratio of A/B, is A part of B?
_____
Answer: No
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: Which predictive value below is influenced by prevalence?
_____
Answer: PPV/NPV (Predictive values)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: _____
Answer:
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: How do the following values change when moving the cutoff point of a screening test from B to A?
Sensitivity: _____
Specificity: _____
PPV: _____
NPV: _____
Answer: increased
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: For an ROC curve, if the area under the curve (AUC) is:
0.5 = _____ test
1.0 = _____ test
Answer: bad
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: If specificity is 100%, then FP is _____
Answer: zero
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: A high _____ test is useful for confirmation after a positive screening test
Answer: specificity
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: What type of disease prevention is screening for disease?
_____
Answer: Secondary
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: Positive predictive value varies _____ with pretest probability (prevalence)
Answer: directly
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: _____
Answer:
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: High pre-test probability and negative test = _____ NPV
Answer: ↓
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/biostatistics/videos/diagnostic-tests?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: Negative predictive value varies _____ with pretest probability (prevalence)
Answer: inversely
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: A high _____ test is useful for screening in diseases with low prevalence
Answer: sensitivity
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: The closer an ROC curve is to a right angle, the _____ the test
Answer: better
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: When raising the cutoff point for a disease, the specificity and PPV will _____
Answer: increase
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: If sensitivity is 100%, then the false negative is _____
Answer: zero
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: What percentage of a sample lies within 1,2,3 standard deviations of the mean?
_____
Answer: 68/95/99.7
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Sensitivity/Specificity = _____ depending on prevalence in population tested
PPV and NPV = _____ depending on prevalence in population tested
Answer: fixed
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: When raising the cutoff point for a disease, the specificity and PPV will _____
Answer: increase
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: The mini-mental state exam is _____ but not _____
Answer: sensitive
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology/dementia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: Rapid Strep = negative
Throat culture = positive
Rapid Strep has low _____
Answer: sensitivity
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: Precision is decreased by _____ error in a test
Answer: random
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: How are prevalence and pretest probability related? _____
Answer: They are similar
Flashcard 32: Positive LR > _____ is an indicator of a very useful diagnostic test
Answer: 10
Flashcard 33: _____ ratios can be multiplied with pretest odds of disease to estimate posttest odds
Answer: Likelihood
Flashcard 34: _____ is the probability that when the test is negative, the disease is absent
Answer: Negative predictive value
Flashcard 35: A high _____ test is useful for confirmation after a positive screening test
Answer: specificity
Flashcard 36: Specificity values approaching 100% is desirable for ruling _____ disease (in or out)
Answer: IN
Flashcard 37: _____ scores are used to calculate the probability that two loci are linked (linkage disequilibrium)
Answer: LOD
Flashcard 38: _____ is the consistency and reproducibility of a test
Answer: Precision (reliability)
Flashcard 39: Sensitivity values approaching 100% is desirable for ruling _____ disease (in or out)
Answer: OUT
Flashcard 40: _____ is the probability that when the disease is present, the test is positive
Answer: Sensitivity
Flashcard 41: _____ is the probability that when the test is positive, the disease is present
Answer: Positive predictive value
Flashcard 42: _____ is the probability that when the disease is absent, the test is negative
Answer: Specificity
Flashcard 43: Negative LR < _____ is an indicator of a very useful diagnostic test
Answer: 0.1
Flashcard 44: A high _____ test is useful for screening in diseases with low prevalence (sensitivity or specificity)
Answer: sensitivity
Flashcard 45: An unaffected individual (with unaffected parents) who has a sibling affected by an autosomal recessive condition has a _____ chance of being a carrier for that condition
Answer: 2/3
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