Power calculations for subgroup analyses — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ studies are observational studies that compare a group of people with disease to a group without disease

Answer: Case-control

Flashcard 2: What statistical test is used to check differences between the means of THREE or more groups? _____

Answer: Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Flashcard 3: The statistical power of a study is calculated by _____

Answer: 1- beta

Flashcard 4: What type of study is at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of medical evidence?_____

Answer: Meta analysis

Flashcard 5: What type of studies assess the frequency of a given characteristic and a given outcome using population data?_____

Answer: Ecological study

Flashcard 6: What is the t-test used for? (biostatistics)

Answer: Compare means of two groups. mnemonic: Mr. T is mean.

Flashcard 7: "β" with reference to statistical error

Answer: the probability of making a Type II statistical (false negative) error

Flashcard 8: power (epidemiology)

Answer: probability of detecting a differential effect if it is actually present

Extra: power = (1-β)

Flashcard 9: What is the relationship between standard error of the mean and standard deviation?

Answer: SEM = SD / √n (Standard Error of the Mean = Standard Deviation / √Sample size)

Flashcard 10: In a normal distribution, how many data points fall within three standard deviations from the mean?

Answer: 99.7%