Amino acid degradation pathways — Flashcards

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Amino acid degradation pathways — Flashcards

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Read Study Notes Questions

What stainable protein is abundant in astrocytes?

What enzyme converts pyruvate to alanine?

Role of myeloperoxidase in neutrophils:

What reaction is catalyzed by superoxide dismutase during the respiratory burst?

The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to threonine?

The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to asparagine?

The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to serine?

What is the underlying defect in Cystinuria?

Give the essential, gluconeogenic amino acids.

#10

Give the essential, gluconeogenic/ketogenic amino acids.

Amino acid degradation pathways US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards

Master Amino acid degradation pathways with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.

Amino acid degradation pathways Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards

Flashcard 1: What stainable protein is abundant in astrocytes?

Answer: GFAP

Flashcard 2: What enzyme converts pyruvate to alanine?

Answer: alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

Flashcard 3: Role of myeloperoxidase in neutrophils:

Answer: Plays a role in respiratory burst (catalyzes formation of HOCl from H2O2)

Extra: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils (PMNs). During the respiratory burst, it converts Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and Chloride ions into Hypochlorous acid (HOCl - bleach), which is a potent bactericidal agent.

Flashcard 4: What reaction is catalyzed by superoxide dismutase during the respiratory burst?

Answer: Conversion of Superoxide ($O_2^-$) to Hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)

Extra: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) neutralizes superoxide radicals. Reaction: 2O2- + 2H+ -> H2O2 + O2. Clinical Pearl: Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) are associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

Flashcard 5: The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to threonine?

Answer: O-oligosaccharide

Flashcard 6: The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to asparagine?

Answer: N-oligosaccharide

Flashcard 7: The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are the modifications made to serine?

Answer: O-oligosaccharide

Flashcard 8: What is the underlying defect in Cystinuria?

Answer: Defect of renal amino acid transporter (COLA) leading to cystine stones.

Extra: • Genetics: Autosomal Recessive. • Pathogenesis: Defect in common transporter for COLA (Cystine, Ornithine, Lysine, Arginine) in PCT of kidney and intestines. • Presentation: Recurrent hexagonal cystine crystals in urine; staghorn calculi. • Diagnosis: Positive Urinary Cyanide-nitroprusside test. • Treatment: Hydration, urinary alkalinization (potassium citrate, acetazolamide), and chelating agents (penicillamine).

Flashcard 9: Give the essential, gluconeogenic amino acids.

Answer: Met, Val, His

Flashcard 10: Give the essential, gluconeogenic/ketogenic amino acids.

Answer: Ile, Phe, Thr, Trp

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Amino acid degradation pathways Flashcards for USMLE

Study 10 flashcards on Amino acid degradation pathways for USMLE Biochemistry. These active recall cards cover the key concepts, clinical associations, and high-yield facts from this chapter of Amino acid metabolism and disorders. Each card is designed to test your understanding rather than just recognition, building stronger and more durable memories for exam day.

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There are 10 flashcards for Amino acid degradation pathways, covering the key concepts, clinical correlations, and high-yield facts from this chapter of Amino acid metabolism and disorders.

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Read through each prompt and try to answer before revealing the back of the card. This active recall approach builds stronger memories than passive reading. Combine flashcards with the study notes and MCQ practice for the best results.

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Yes. This page covers one chapter of Amino acid metabolism and disorders. Visit the topic page to see all chapters and their flashcards under Biochemistry.

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