Pharyngeal arches — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: What cranial nerve(s) are associated with the 6th branchial arch? _____

Answer: X (recurrent laryngeal br.)

Flashcard 52: A persistent _____ is a branchial cleft cyst within the lateral neck (anterior to SCM muscle)

Answer: cervical sinus

Flashcard 53: Which branchial pouch gives rise to the epithelial lining of the palatine tonsil? _____

Answer: 2nd branchial pouch

Extra: Pharyngeal Pouch Derivatives: • 1st pouch: Middle ear cavity, Eustachian tube, mastoid air cells. • 2nd pouch: Epithelial lining of palatine tonsil. • 3rd pouch: Inferior parathyroids, Thymus. • 4th pouch: Superior parathyroids, Parafollicular (C) cells of thyroid. Note: The lymphoid tissue of the tonsil (stroma) is mesodermal, which often contrasts with the endodermal pouch origin of the lining.

Flashcard 54: Which branchial arch gives rise to the tensor veli palatini? _____

Answer: 1st arch

Flashcard 55: What cranial nerve(s) are associated with the 1st branchial arch? _____

Answer: V3

Flashcard 56: Which branchial pouch (and wing) gives rise to the thymus? _____

Answer: 3rd pouch (ventral wings)

Flashcard 57: What branchial arch abnormality is characterized by cleft palate, airway obstruction, micrognathia, and glossoptosis? _____

Answer: Pierre Robin sequence

Flashcard 58: The maxillary artery is a derivative of the _____ aortic arch

Answer: 1st

Flashcard 59: A persistent stapedial artery is a defect of the _____ aortic arch that presents with a pulsatile tinnitus and hearing loss

Answer: 2nd

Flashcard 60: The branchial _____ are derivatives of mesoderm + neural crest

Answer: arches