Urinary bladder and urethra — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Urethral injury occurs almost exclusively in _____

Answer: men

Flashcard 2: Which lymph node cluster drains the bladder? _____

Answer: Internal iliac

Flashcard 3: Which organ is mostly extraperitoneal?_____

Answer: Bladder

Flashcard 4: In an anterior urethral injury, the _____ part of the urethra is damaged

Answer: bulbar (spongy)

Flashcard 5: What lymph nodes do the glans penis, clitoris, and penile urethra drain into?_____

Answer: Deep inguinal nodes

Flashcard 6: Injury to the posterior membranous urethra (e.g. pelvic fracture) can cause urine to leak into the _____ space

Answer: retropubic

Flashcard 7: What is a vesicourachal diverticulum?

Answer: Partial failure of the urachus to obliterate at its distal end (bladder end)

Extra: The urachus is a remnant of the allantois. Types of urachal abnormalities: 1. Patent urachus: Total failure to obliterate (urine leaks from umbilicus). 2. Urachal cyst: Failure of the central portion to obliterate. 3. Urachal sinus: Failure of the proximal (umbilical) end to obliterate. 4. Vesicourachal diverticulum: Failure of the distal (bladder) end to obliterate (outpouching of the bladder).

Flashcard 8: What is the clinical presentation and cause of a patent urachus?

Answer: Urine discharge from the umbilicus due to failure of the urachus to obliterate

Extra: The urachus is a remnant of the allantois, which connects the bladder to the umbilicus. Persistence of the entire lumen results in a patent urachus.

Flashcard 9: wall of bladder

Answer: mesoderm

Flashcard 10: anal canal BELOW the pectinate line

Answer: surface ectoderm