Rectum and anal canal — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Does the rectum BELOW the pectinate line drain into the portal or systemic circulation? _____

Answer: Systemic

Flashcard 2: The inferior rectal artery is a branch of the _____ artery

Answer: internal pudendal

Flashcard 3: _____ hemorrhoids receive somatic innervation from the pudendal nerve

Answer: External

Flashcard 4: Which artery supplies the anal canal below the pectinate line?

Answer: Inferior rectal artery (branch of the internal pudendal artery)

Flashcard 5: Which parasympathetics innervate the regions of the hindgut? _____

Answer: Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

Flashcard 6: Which lymph nodes drain the anal canal below the pectinate line?

Answer: Superficial inguinal nodes

Flashcard 7: What is a vesicourachal diverticulum?

Answer: Partial failure of the urachus to obliterate at its distal end (bladder end)

Extra: The urachus is a remnant of the allantois. Types of urachal abnormalities: 1. Patent urachus: Total failure to obliterate (urine leaks from umbilicus). 2. Urachal cyst: Failure of the central portion to obliterate. 3. Urachal sinus: Failure of the proximal (umbilical) end to obliterate. 4. Vesicourachal diverticulum: Failure of the distal (bladder) end to obliterate (outpouching of the bladder).

Flashcard 8: What is the clinical presentation and cause of a patent urachus?

Answer: Urine discharge from the umbilicus due to failure of the urachus to obliterate

Extra: The urachus is a remnant of the allantois, which connects the bladder to the umbilicus. Persistence of the entire lumen results in a patent urachus.

Flashcard 9: wall of bladder

Answer: mesoderm

Flashcard 10: anal canal BELOW the pectinate line

Answer: surface ectoderm