Cervical sympathetic chain — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Which lymph node cluster drains the head and neck? _____

Answer: Cervical

Flashcard 2: The middle meningeal artery is a branch of the _____ artery

Answer: maxillary

Flashcard 3: Episodes of trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) typically last _____ minute

Answer: < 1

Flashcard 4: Horner syndrome presents with ptosis due to denervation of the _____ muscle

Answer: superior tarsal

Flashcard 5: Light reflex: The ciliary ganglia send post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons to the pupillary constrictor muscle via _____ nerves

Answer: short ciliary

Flashcard 6: Which branch of the trigeminal nerve provides general sensation to the jaw and mandibular teeth? _____

Answer: Mandibular (V3)

Flashcard 7: The ansa cervicalis innervates the _____ muscles of the anterior neck (*except)

Answer: strap (infrahyoid)

Flashcard 8: CN IX (Cranial Nerve 9) name?

Answer: Glossopharyngeal nerve

Extra: Functions of Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal): 1. Motor: Stylopharyngeus muscle. 2. Sensory: Posterior 1/3 of tongue, tonsils, pharynx, middle ear, carotid body/sinus. 3. Taste: Posterior 1/3 of tongue. 4. Parasympathetic: Parotid gland (via otic ganglion). 5. Reflexes: Afferent limb of the gag reflex.

Flashcard 9: parafollicular cells (C-cells) of thyroid

Answer: neural crest

Flashcard 10: Embryological origin of the bones of the skull:

Answer: Neural crest cells and Paraxial mesoderm

Extra: The bones of the skull have dual embryological origins: 1. **Neural Crest Cells:** Form the bones of the face (viscerocranium) and parts of the neurocranium (e.g., frontal bone, sphenoid). 2. **Paraxial Mesoderm:** Forms the rest of the neurocranium (e.g., parietal bones, occipital bone).