Teratogens and critical periods — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What congenital anomaly is caused by complete failure of the vitelline duct to close? _____

Answer: Vitelline fistula

Flashcard 2: Congenital hydrocele ("communicating hydrocele") occurs due to incomplete obliteration of the _____ (infants)

Answer: processus vaginalis

Flashcard 3: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip results from abnormal _____ development in newborns

Answer: acetabulum

Flashcard 4: Neurulation begins in the _____ week of fetal development

Answer: third

Flashcard 5: The indifferent gonad (testis, ovary) begins development next to the fetal kidney, known as the _____

Answer: mesonephros

Flashcard 6: One cause of cretinism is thyroid _____

Answer: agenesis (embryological defect)

Flashcard 7: Errors at what stage of lung development can lead to the formation of a Tracheoesophageal Fistula?_____

Answer: Embryonic Period (Weeks 4-7)

Flashcard 8: mastoid air cells

Answer: 1st pouch

Flashcard 9: Endoderm lined structures of the ear (1st pharyngeal pouch)

Answer: 1st pouch

Flashcard 10: Embryological origin of the thymus

Answer: 3rd pharyngeal pouch (ventral wing)

Extra: The 3rd pharyngeal pouch gives rise to the Thymus (ventral wing) and the Inferior Parathyroid glands (dorsal wing). Compare with the 4th pharyngeal pouch, which gives rise to the Superior Parathyroid glands.