General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 211: What is the most common cause of erythema multiforme?

Answer: • Herpes Simplex Virus

Flashcard 212: What can cause Spider Naevi? 3

Answer: • Liver Disease • Pregnancy • Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill

Flashcard 213: How does Pemphigoid Gestationis present?

Answer: Pruritic, urticarial plaques and vesicles/bullae that typically begin in the periumbilical region.

Extra: Pemphigoid gestationis (herpes gestationis) is a rare autoimmune bullous dermatosis of pregnancy. It often presents in the 2nd or 3rd trimester. Unlike PEP (Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy), it involves the umbilicus. Diagnosis is confirmed by skin biopsy (direct immunofluorescence showing linear C3/IgG along the basement membrane).

Flashcard 214: What drugs can exacerbate psoriasis? 6

Answer: • Beta blockers • Lithium • Antimalarials (chloroquine & hydroxychloroquine) • NSAIDs • ACE inhibitors • Infliximab

Flashcard 215: What is the management for Pemphigoid Gestationis?

Answer: Oral corticosteroids

Flashcard 216: What drugs can cause erythema multiforme? 7

Answer: • Penicillin • Sulphonamides • Carbamazepine • Allopurinol • NSAIDs • Oral Contraceptive Pill • Nevirapine

Flashcard 217: How does Erythema Multiforme present?

Answer: • Target lesions • Initially seen on the back of the hands / feet before spreading to torso • pruritis ocassionally but mild

Flashcard 218: What are features of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus? What Sign?

Answer: • Vesicular rash around the eye Hutchinson's sign: rash on tip or side of the nose

Flashcard 219: What are the causes of Optic Neuritis?

Answer: 1. Multiple Sclerosis 2. Diabetes 3. Syphilis

Flashcard 220: What is Holmes-Adie pupil?

Answer: • Dilated Pupil - slowly reactive to accommodation but very poorly to light • Seen in women • Absent ankle/knee reflexes