General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 181: Patients with acute otitis media who are systemically unwell or are immunocompromised should be given an _____

Answer: immediate antibiotic prescription

Flashcard 182: _____ is an infection seen in young children (<3) of the middle ear most commonly caused by bacteria following a viral URTI

Answer: Acute otitis media

Flashcard 183: The _____ is shorter and more horizontal in children which leads to negative pressure in the middle ear and fluid accumulation

Answer: eustachian tube

Flashcard 184: Tonsillectomy is indicated if: • ≥ _____ episodes in one year • ≥ 5 episodes per year for 2 years • ≥ 3 episodes per year for 3 years

Answer: 7

Flashcard 185: In penicillin-allergic patient, what is a suitable alternative to phenoxymethylpenicillin for a bacterial sore throat?

Answer: • Clarithromycin

Flashcard 186: What can eczematous skin changes of the nipple and areola be associated with?

Answer: Paget's disease of the breast (associated with underlying breast malignancy)

Extra: Paget's disease of the breast typically presents as a chronic eczematous patch on the nipple and areola. Unlike simple eczema, it often involves the nipple first and persists despite topical treatments. It is almost always associated with an underlying ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive ductal carcinoma.

Flashcard 187: What is the management of suspected viral tonsillitis? _____

Answer: Supportive; simple analgesia (paracetamol or ibuprofen) & fluids

Flashcard 188: Otitis externa in the presence of a _____ may indicate spread of infection

Answer: fever >38 C

Flashcard 189: Uncomplicated acute otitis media is managed with _____ +/- anaesthetic ear drops

Answer: paracetamol/ibuprofen

Flashcard 190: What are the management options for otitis media with effusion in children? Non-surgical: _____ Surgical: Grommets +/- Adenoidectomy

Answer: Auto-inflation