General Surgery UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master General Surgery with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
General Surgery Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 141: How should a patient on warfarin with an INR of 5.0–9.0 and no significant bleeding be managed?
Answer: Omit 1–2 doses of warfarin, monitor INR, and reduce the maintenance dose.
Extra: ACCP Guidelines for Warfarin Reversal:
1. INR < 4.5 (No bleed): Reduce dose or omit one dose.
2. INR 4.5–10 (No bleed): Routine use of Vitamin K is NOT recommended.
3. INR > 10 (No bleed): Give Oral Vitamin K (2.5–5 mg).
4. Major Bleeding (Any INR): Give IV Vitamin K (5–10 mg) and 4-factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC).
Flashcard 142: What do Auricular haematomas warrant?
Answer: Same-day ENT assessment and prompt incision & drainage (I&D) to prevent 'cauliflower ear' deformity.
Flashcard 143: When prescribing fluids, what is the potassium requirment per day?
Answer: 1mmol/kg/day
Flashcard 144: In the management of breast cancer, the FEC-D regimen is used to:
Answer: • Downstage a primary tumor before surgery (neoadjuvant treatment)
• Treat systemic microscopic disease if axillary nodes are positive after surgery (adjuvant treatment)
Extra: FEC-D is a chemotherapy regimen commonly used for Breast Cancer.
FEC = Fluorouracil, Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide.
D = Docetaxel.
Flashcard 145: Why is mastoiditis a medical emergency?
Answer: Potential risk of meningitis
Flashcard 146: Suspected malignant otitis externa should be investigated with a _____ and MC&S (swab)
Answer: CT/MRI head with contrast
Flashcard 147: Patients with acute otitis media who are systemically unwell or are immunocompromised should be given an _____
Answer: immediate antibiotic prescription
Flashcard 148: _____ is a severe, necrotising infection of the external auditory canal which can extend to the skull base
Answer: Malignant otitis externa
Flashcard 149: In penicillin-allergic patient, what is a suitable alternative to phenoxymethylpenicillin for a bacterial sore throat?
Answer:
• Clarithromycin
Flashcard 150: Otoscopy of otitis externa will show an _____ & erythematous external canal with a non-bulging tympanic membrane which may be obscured by debris
Answer: oedematous
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