Severe Mental Illness UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Severe Mental Illness with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Severe Mental Illness Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 81: _____ dementia is a result of multiple arterial infarcts and/or chronic ischemia (e.g. hypertension, atherosclerosis, vasculitis)
Answer: Vascular
Flashcard 82: Lewy body dementia is characterized initially by dementia with _____ cognition / alertness, a(n) REM sleep behavior disorder, visual hallucinations, followed by parkinsonian features
Answer: fluctuating
Flashcard 83: Lewy body dementia diagnostic criteria for 2/3 core clinical features:
_____
Parkinsonism
Fluctuating cognition
(Note: Fourth core feature is REM sleep behavior disorder)
Answer: Recurrent visual hallucinations
Extra: Core clinical features of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB):
1. Fluctuating cognition with pronounced variations in attention and alertness.
2. Recurrent visual hallucinations that are typically well-formed and detailed.
3. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which may precede cognitive decline.
4. One or more spontaneous cardinal features of parkinsonism.
Probable DLB diagnostic criteria:
- 2 or more core clinical features.
- 1 core clinical feature + 1 or more suggestive biomarker.
Flashcard 84: The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E is associated with _____ risk for Alzheimer disease
Answer: increased
Flashcard 85: Over 90% of Alzheimer disease cases are _____
Answer: sporadic
Flashcard 86: _____-onset Alzheimer's is associated with apolipoprotein ε4 allele
Answer: Late
Flashcard 87: Familial cases of Alzheimer disease (10%) are characterized by a(n) _____ age of onset (relative to sporadic cases)
Answer: earlier
Flashcard 88: A mini-mental state exam (MMSE) score:
_____ = normal
21-24 = mild cognitive impairment
10-20 = moderate cognitive impairment
0-9 = severe cognitive impairment
Answer: 25-30
Extra: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a 30-point questionnaire used extensively in clinical and research settings to measure cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine and allied health to screen for dementia.
Scores may need to be adjusted for education and age. The thresholds provided (e.g., <24 for impairment) are standard clinical benchmarks.
Flashcard 89: The ε2 allele of apolipoprotein E is associated with _____ risk for Alzheimer disease
Answer: decreased
Flashcard 90: What is the first-line pharmacological management of Alzheimer's?
_____
Answer: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine)
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