Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 681: Organise a 2-week-wait referral for patients with _____ or Bence-Jones protein urine test results suggestive of myeloma

Answer: serum protein electrophoresis

Flashcard 682: _____ is used for staging and assessing treatment response in lymphomas

Answer: PET-CT

Flashcard 683: _____ can be used as a prognostic indicator in Hodgkin's lymphoma

Answer: LDH

Flashcard 684: Myeloma patients at risk of infection may be given _____

Answer: prophylactic antibiotics

Flashcard 685: The diagnostic investigation for Hodgkin's lymphoma is _____

Answer: lymph node excision biopsy

Flashcard 686: Induction therapy prior to stem cell transplantation in myeloma involves a combination of: 1. _____ 2. Chemotherapy (e.g. cyclophosphamide) 3. Steroids (e.g. dexamethasone)

Answer: Targeted immunomodulatory drugs (e.g. thalidomide or bortezomib)

Flashcard 687: Anaemia and thrombocytopenia associated with myeloma is caused by _____

Answer: overcrowding of the bone marrow

Flashcard 688: Myeloma may cause decreased production of _____ which leads to an increased susceptibility to infection

Answer: normal immunoglobulins

Flashcard 689: Which lymphoma classically presents with a bimodal age distribution, often affecting younger patients? \n_____

Answer: Hodgkin's lymphoma

Extra: Hodgkin Lymphoma typically shows a **bimodal age distribution**, with the first peak in young adults (ages 15–35) and a second peak in older adults (>55 years). In contrast, most Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas increase in incidence steadily with age.

Flashcard 690: The clinical features of myeloma can be memorised using the _____ mnemonic.

Answer: CRAB

Extra: Clinical features of Multiple Myeloma (CRAB): - **C**: Calcium (Hypercalcaemia) - **R**: Renal insufficiency - **A**: Anemia - **B**: Bone lesions (Lytic lesions, fractures)