Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 391: Myelofibrosis can present with _____ splenomegaly

Answer: symptomatic

Flashcard 392: What blood transfusion reaction is caused by fluid overload? _____

Answer: Transfusion-associated circulatory overload

Flashcard 393: What is the recommended RBC pre-treatment for a patient who will receive a RBC transfusion and has a history of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction? _____

Answer: Leukoreduction

Flashcard 394: Which blood transfusion reaction can be caused by accumulation of cytokines from donor WBC -or- type II HSR with host antibodies against donor HLA/WBCs? _____

Answer: Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)

Flashcard 395: What is the management of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)? _____

Answer: Stop transfusion and provide supportive care (oxygen, mechanical ventilation if needed)

Extra: Management of TRALI is primarily supportive. Unlike TACO (Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload), diuretics are generally not indicated in TRALI unless there is concurrent fluid overload, and aggressive fluids should be avoided as they can worsen respiratory status.

Flashcard 396: Which blood transfusion reaction is a reaction against donor plasma proteins in transfused blood? _____

Answer: Allergic/anaphylactic reaction

Flashcard 397: Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction is distinguished from febrile non-haemolytic reaction by the presence of a positive _____ test

Answer: direct antiglobulin (Coombs)

Flashcard 398: What is the management of transfusion-associated circulatory overload? _____

Answer: Stop/slow transfusion, respiratory support (O2), diuretics

Flashcard 399: _____ is a myeloproliferative disorder that leads to bone marrow fibrosis, extramedullary haematopoiesis, & splenomegaly

Answer: Myelofibrosis

Flashcard 400: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that develops a fever, chills, flushing, and malaise two hours after starting RBC tranfusion? Coombs test is negative. _____

Answer: Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction