Respiratory Medicine UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Respiratory Medicine with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Respiratory Medicine Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 71: First-line investigation for adults with suspected asthma?
Answer: Spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility (BDR) test.
Extra: According to GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) and most modern guidelines, the initial objective investigation for asthma in adults is spirometry to look for reversible airflow obstruction. FeNO is often used as a supportive test for eosinophilic airway inflammation but is typically secondary to or performed alongside lung function tests.
Flashcard 72: Is confusion in an acute asthma attack a life-threatening feature?
Answer: Yes::It indicates exhaustion or hypercapnia (Near-fatal asthma)
Extra: Features of Life-Threatening Asthma (PEFR < 33%):
- Altered conscious level (Confusion, coma)
- Exhaustion
- Arrhythmia
- Hypotension
- Cyanosis
- Silent chest
- Poor respiratory effort
Flashcard 73: After inhaling a dose of medication, how long should the patient hold his breath?
Answer:
• 10 seconds
Flashcard 74: What is the definitive management for Recurrent Pneumothorax?
Answer: Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) with Pleurodesis
Extra: Indications for surgery (VATS/Thoracotomy) in pneumothorax include:
1. Second ipsilateral pneumothorax (recurrence)
2. First contralateral pneumothorax
3. Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax
4. Persistent air leak (>5-7 days)
5. High-risk professions (e.g., pilots, divers)
Flashcard 75: What is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?
Answer:
• Lung adenocarcinoma
Flashcard 76: Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with systemic hypertension that is often resistant to treatment due to chronic _____
Answer: sympathetic activation
Flashcard 77: What PEFR is classed as Moderate Asthma?
Answer:
• PEFR 50-75%
Flashcard 78: What is the investigation for obstructive sleep apnoea?
First-line: Home _____
Gold-standard: polysomnography
Answer: respiratory polygraphy
Flashcard 79: What PEFR is classed as Severe Asthma?
Answer:
• PEFR 33-50%
Flashcard 80: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has a strong association with _____
Answer: obesity
Extra: While there is a genetic component to craniofacial anatomy and fat distribution, obesity (BMI >30) is the most significant modifiable risk factor for OSA.
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