Respiratory Medicine — Flashcards

Flashcard 361: Diagnosis in a COPD patient presenting with sudden onset dyspnea and a collapsed lung: _____

Answer: Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax

Flashcard 362: What is the flying advice after a resolution of a pneumothorax? _____

Answer: flying as an absolute contraindication for 1 week post CXR confirmation

Flashcard 363: Tension pneumothoraces are typically caused by _____ or mechanical ventilation

Answer: traumatic chest injuries

Flashcard 364: What can be heard upon auscultation of bronchiectasis? _____ & wheeze

Answer: Coarse inspiratory crepitations

Flashcard 365: What are the key signs in tension pneumothorax? _____

Answer: JVD with absent breath signs on the affected side

Flashcard 366: A major lifestyle risk factor for primary pneumothorax is _____

Answer: smoking

Flashcard 367: A _____ is a one-way valve that causes increased pressure in the affected lung, it is a medical emergency

Answer: tension pneumothorax

Flashcard 368: What is the management of a _____ pneumothorax without high risk characteristics ≥2cm in a patient that would like rapid symptom relief (ambulatory device unavailable)? → Needle aspiration (if this fails → chest drain)

Answer: symptomatic

Flashcard 369: Blood gas for pneumothorax may show hypoxaemia or/and _____

Answer: respiratory alkalosis

Flashcard 370: A patient presents with sudden-onset dyspnea, hypotension, tracheal deviation to the right, and absent breath sounds on the left. Diagnosis: _____

Answer: Left tension pneumothorax

Extra: Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition where air enters the pleural space but cannot exit, leading to increased intrapleural pressure, lung collapse, and mediastinal shift that compromises venous return to the heart.