Renal & Urology — Flashcards

What antibiotics are used in lower UTIs? 1st-line: _____ or trimethoprim If pregnant: Amoxicillin or Cefalexin

Urinary tract calculi often present with _____

Hint: gastrointestinal symptom

Name the common urinary tract calculi: ~75% _____ ~10% Uric acid stones ~5-10% Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) stones <5% Calcium phosphate, Cystine stones

Risk factors for urinary tract calculi: - _____ solute concentration in the urinary filtrate - Low ↓ urine volume

Hint: ↓/↑

Urinary tract calculi = _____ Urinary tract calculi and pregnancy = Ultrasound

Hint: imaging

_____ is a common cause of UTIs in sexually active young females

Hint: organism

Epididymo-orchitis is rarely a side-effect of _____

Hint: drug

What are the investigations for epididymo-orchitis? _____ to investigate UTI NAAT to investigate STI

Hint: 2

_____ = -ve Prehn sign Epididymo-orchitis = +ve Prehn sign

Hint: testicular torsion/epididymo-orchitis

Chronic epididymitis ≥ _____

Hint: time