Cardiology — Flashcards

What is the symptomatic pharmacotherapy for fluid overload in heart failure? _____

Chronic _____ leads to left ventricular hypertrophy and eventual heart failure

Heart Failure: NYHA class I = _____ NYHA class II = symptoms on physical activity. Slight limitation NYHA class III = symptoms on less than ordinary activity. Moderate limitation NYHA class IV = symptoms on rest. Severe limitation

How do you examine peripheral odema in heart failure? _____

O/E of chronic heart failure is _____, S3 or S4 gallop, & jugular venous distension

Hint: lung auscultation

The most common underlying cause of chronic heart failure is _____

HF reduced ejection fraction: LVEF ≤ _____%

What is the pharmacotherapy management for heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF)? _____

Vasovagal syncopes are often preceded by _____; nausea, sweating, pallor & flushing

What is the likely diagnosis with a 23 yrs old patient that experiences syncopal episodes provoked by strong emotion with nausea, sweating, & pallor prodrome? _____

Hint: ?diagnosis