Serious & Notifiable Infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 111: One symptom associated with bacterial endocarditis is _____ as parts of the vegetations on the valves dislodge and lodge in blood vessels

Answer: (septic) emboli

Flashcard 112: The mnemonic FROM JANE describes the symptoms of _____

Answer: infective (bacterial) endocarditis

Flashcard 113: Mortality in infective endocarditis is ~_____%

Answer: 25

Flashcard 114: One symptom associated with bacterial endocarditis is _____ in the nail bed

Answer: splinter hemorrhages

Flashcard 115: What imaging is done for infective endocarditis (esp. if there is a heart murmur)?\n_____

Answer: Echocardiography (TTE/TEE)

Flashcard 116: 1. _____ and 2. Endocardial insult need to be present for infective endocarditis to occur

Answer: Bacteraemia

Flashcard 117: Initial antibiotic management for infective endocarditis in severe sepsis or penicillin allergy is _____

Answer: vancomycin + gentamicin

Flashcard 118: Infective endocarditis is assessed with the _____ criteria

Answer: Modified Duke

Flashcard 119: One symptom associated with bacterial endocarditis is _____ (normocytic, normochromic) most likely because of chronic disease/inflammation.

Answer: anaemia

Extra: In infective endocarditis, the anemia is typically a normocytic, normochromic Anemia of Chronic Disease (ACD) due to the persistent inflammatory state and iron sequestration by the reticuloendothelial system. While mechanical hemolysis can occur (especially with prosthetic valves), it is not the primary mechanism for the general anemia seen in IE.

Flashcard 120: One symptom associated with bacterial endocarditis is _____, which are tender, raised lesions on the finger or toe pads

Answer: Osler nodes