Common Infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 141: What is the first-line management for esophageal candidiasis? _____

Answer: Oral Fluconazole (systemic -azole)

Extra: - **First-line:** Oral Fluconazole (200–400 mg) for 14–21 days. - **Fluconazole-refractory:** Itraconazole solution or Voriconazole. - **Severe/unresponsive:** Echinocandins (e.g., Caspofungin) or Amphotericin B.

Flashcard 142: _____ is the imbalance of vaginal microbiota, resulting in a ↓ of protective lactobacilli & an overgrowth of other bacteria

Answer: Bacterial vaginosis

Flashcard 143: _____ & trichomoniasis both cause an ↑ vaginal pH > 4.5

Answer: Bacterial vaginosis

Flashcard 144: On wet mount microscopy, motile trophozoites are seen in _____

Answer: Trichomonas vaginalis

Flashcard 145: +ve amine whiff test is when drops of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) is added to vaginal discharge on a slide → this releases volatile amines producing the characteristic _____ odour

Answer: fishy

Flashcard 146: Candidiasis can present as _____, oropharyngeal candidiasis, oesophageal candidiasis, mammary candidiasis & systemic infection

Answer: vulvovaginal candidiasis

Flashcard 147: Candida albicans is part of the normal _____

Answer: flora

Flashcard 148: What is the management for trichomonas vaginalis? _____

Answer: Metronidazole (FYI, this is ideally treated in sexual health clinics)

Flashcard 149: Vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV) is given at _____

Answer: 12-13 years old for BOTH genders

Flashcard 150: _____ causes cervicitis, presenting as a(n) "strawberry cervix" on speculum exam

Answer: Trichomonas vaginalis