Common Infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: Dormant/latent HSV reactivates in response to _____, triggering viral replication in sensory ganglia and anterograde axonal transport to epithelial surfaces

Answer: physiological or immunological stressors

Flashcard 92: Herpes virus can be transmitted via saliva, sex, and vertically (most commonly during delivery through the _____).

Answer: birth canal

Extra: Vertical transmission of HSV: 1. **Intrapartum (85-90%):** Most common; occurs during passage through the birth canal. 2. **Postnatal (5-10%):** Usually from contact with an orofacial lesion (e.g., from mother or caregiver). 3. **Intrauterine (5%):** Rare transplacental transmission leading to congenital HSV syndrome.

Flashcard 93: Genital herpes initially presents as _____ which then progress into painful ulcers.

Answer: grouped vesicles on an erythematous base

Flashcard 94: What is the management of primary infection of oral herpes (gingivostomatitis)?

Answer: Oral aciclovir or valaciclovir (plus supportive care like analgesia and hydration)

Flashcard 95: Management of reactivation of oral herpes (herpes labialis) includes _____.

Answer: self-care advice and topical/oral antivirals (e.g., Acyclovir)

Extra: Self-care includes keeping the area clean and hydrated. Topical lidocaine can be used for pain. Antivirals are most effective if started during the prodromal phase.

Flashcard 96: Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes _____ causes an STI

Answer: D-K

Flashcard 97: Oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by inhaled corticosteroids can be reduced with _____

Answer: rinsing their mouth & spitting

Flashcard 98: What is the management for chlamydia trachomatis? 1st-line: _____ Alternative: azithromycin (e.g. in pregnancy)

Answer: doxycycline

Flashcard 99: What is the most common cause of pelvic inflammatory disease? _____

Answer: Chlamydia

Flashcard 100: Oropharyngeal _____ presents with a creamy white "curd"-like plaques

Answer: candidiasis