Vasculitis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Pulsating hematoma is associated with which type of aneurysm?

Answer: Pseudoaneurysm (False aneurysm)

Extra: A pseudoaneurysm (false aneurysm) is a collection of blood that forms outside the arterial wall, usually due to a hole in the vessel. Because the blood is contained by the surrounding fibrous tissue rather than the arterial wall layers themselves, it presents as a pulsating hematoma. In contrast, a true aneurysm involves all three layers of the vessel wall.

Flashcard 2: What are the complications associated with injection sclerotherapy?

Answer: 1. Hyperpigmentation (hemosiderin staining - most common) 2. Skin ulceration/necrosis (due to extravasation) 3. Superficial thrombophlebitis 4. Telangiectatic matting 5. DVT/PE (rare)

Flashcard 3: According to the 2020 update of CEAP classification, Telangiectases or reticular veins are classified as _____

Answer: C1

Flashcard 4: Most common sites for peripheral aneurysms include _____ artery

Answer: popliteal

Flashcard 5: The two underlying pathological processes that are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm are _____ and atherosclerosis

Answer: chronic transmural inflammation

Flashcard 6: Cirsoid aneurysm is treated by surgical resection, endovascular occlusion or injection of percutaneous _____ agents.

Answer: sclerosing

Flashcard 7: The most common peripheral aneurysm is the _____ aneurysm

Answer: popliteal

Flashcard 8: _____ symptomatic patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms should be managed with surgical repair

Answer: All (Regardless of size)

Flashcard 9: The _____ internal mammary artery is the preferred vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Answer: left

Extra: The **Internal Mammary Artery (IMA)** is also known as the **Internal Thoracic Artery (ITA)**. The **Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA)** is the preferred conduit for CABG (especially when bypassing the Left Anterior Descending [LAD] artery) because of its superior long-term patency (>90% at 10 years) compared to saphenous vein grafts.

Flashcard 10: Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture presents with a triad of _____, a pulsatile abdominal mass, and flank pain

Answer: hypotension