Vascular Trauma — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Size _____ blade is used for arteriotomy and skin incisions (eg. incision and drainage)

Answer: 11

Flashcard 2: Pulsating hematoma is associated with which type of aneurysm?

Answer: Pseudoaneurysm (False aneurysm)

Extra: A pseudoaneurysm (false aneurysm) is a collection of blood that forms outside the arterial wall, usually due to a hole in the vessel. Because the blood is contained by the surrounding fibrous tissue rather than the arterial wall layers themselves, it presents as a pulsating hematoma. In contrast, a true aneurysm involves all three layers of the vessel wall.

Flashcard 3: The most commonly involved artery in pseudoaneurysm formation is the _____ artery

Answer: femoral

Flashcard 4: In aortic injury, for hemodynamically unstable patients investigation of choice is _____

Answer: Transoesophageal echocardiography

Flashcard 5: _____ syndrome is an aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) that presents with the triad of intermittent claudication, erectile dysfunction, and absent femoral pulses.

Answer: Leriche

Flashcard 6: In Brodie Trendelenburg test, rapid refilling of the veins after releasing the tourniquet pressure indicates the incompetence of the _____

Answer: SFJ

Flashcard 7: Transcutaneous oxygen tension values below _____ mmHg is an indication for amputation.

Answer: 20

Flashcard 8: The _____ internal mammary artery is the preferred vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Answer: left

Extra: The **Internal Mammary Artery (IMA)** is also known as the **Internal Thoracic Artery (ITA)**. The **Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA)** is the preferred conduit for CABG (especially when bypassing the Left Anterior Descending [LAD] artery) because of its superior long-term patency (>90% at 10 years) compared to saphenous vein grafts.

Flashcard 9: Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture presents with a triad of _____, a pulsatile abdominal mass, and flank pain

Answer: hypotension

Flashcard 10: Treatment of Moyamoya disease: Surgical bypass of _____ arteries to the dura or middle cerebral artery

Answer: extracranial carotid

Extra: Revascularization procedures for Moyamoya disease: - **Direct bypass**: e.g., STA-MCA bypass (Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery). - **Indirect bypass (Synangiosis)**: e.g., EDAS (Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis), where the STA is placed in contact with the brain surface.