Demyelinating and Degenerative Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: T2-weighted MRI brain scans in Hallervorden-Spatz Disease (HSD) shows the _____ sign.

Answer: eye of the tiger

Flashcard 2: _____ sign is one of the characteristic findings on MRI T2 in central pontine myelinolysis.

Answer: Owl's eye

Flashcard 3: Symmetric confluent areas of T2 hyperintensity in the periventricular white matter is characteristic of which leukodystrophy?

Answer: Metachromatic leukodystrophy

Flashcard 4: MRI in _____ CJD shows hyperintensity in the caudate and putamen on FLAIR or DWI.

Answer: Sporadic (sCJD)

Extra: Variant CJD (vCJD) is classically associated with the **pulvinar sign** (hyperintensity of the posterior thalamus) and the **hockey stick sign** (hyperintensity of the pulvinar and dorsomedial thalamic nuclei).

Flashcard 5: The most typical pattern seen in brain tumours on MR spectroscopy includes an _____ in choline accompanied by a _____ in N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and creatine.

Answer: elevation; decrease

Flashcard 6: Tigroid white matter on MR imaging is seen in _____ disease.

Answer: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher

Flashcard 7: The absence of swallow tail appearance on MRI brain indicates which condition?_____

Answer: Parkinson's disease

Flashcard 8: Pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) characteristically causes a palsy of which cranial nerve?\n\n_____

Answer: CN VI

Flashcard 9: CT scan shows a concavo-convex-shaped hematoma is suggestive of a _____ hematoma

Answer: subdural

Flashcard 10: The image showing a bleed over the arachnoid layer but under the dura is suggestive of a _____ hemorrhage.

Answer: subdural