Congenital CNS Anomalies — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ sign represents the appearance of the cerebral parenchyma in the case of alobar holoprosencephaly.

Answer: Pancake brain

Flashcard 2: Characteristic pattern of corpus callosum degeneration in Marchiafava Bignami disease is known as _____ sign

Answer: Sandwich

Flashcard 3: _____ sign is seen in Joubert syndrome, characterised by cerebellar vermis hypoplasia

Answer: Molar tooth

Flashcard 4: Vein of Galen malformation can cause a _____communicating hydrocephalus

Answer: non

Flashcard 5: MRI in _____ CJD shows hyperintensity in the caudate and putamen on FLAIR or DWI.

Answer: Sporadic (sCJD)

Extra: Variant CJD (vCJD) is classically associated with the **pulvinar sign** (hyperintensity of the posterior thalamus) and the **hockey stick sign** (hyperintensity of the pulvinar and dorsomedial thalamic nuclei).

Flashcard 6: Bilateral atrophy of _____ nuclei and compensatory dilatation of lateral ventricle, a finding known as box car ventricles, observed in Huntingtons disease.

Answer: caudate

Flashcard 7: Pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) characteristically causes a palsy of which cranial nerve?\n\n_____

Answer: CN VI

Flashcard 8: CT scan shows a concavo-convex-shaped hematoma is suggestive of a _____ hematoma

Answer: subdural

Flashcard 9: The image showing a bleed over the arachnoid layer but under the dura is suggestive of a _____ hemorrhage.

Answer: subdural

Flashcard 10: Which type of intracranial hemorrhage is seen in the image below? _____

Answer: Subarachnoid hemorrhage - Bleed on the bottom of the brain