Respiratory Adjustments in Health and Disease — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: The lung diffusing capacity, DL, _____ during exercise due to increased surface area (A)

Answer: increases

Flashcard 2: The V/Q mismatch seen in pulmonary embolism can result in _____, which causes hyper-ventilation with consequent respiratory alkalosis

Answer: hypoxemia

Flashcard 3: In _____ lung disease, the flow volume loop shifts to the right

Answer: restrictive

Flashcard 4: The V/Q ratio at the apex of the lung is normally _____, indicating wasted ventilation

Answer: 3

Flashcard 5: High altitude initially causes _____ alkalosis and hypoxia, which may cause acute altitude sickness

Answer: respiratory

Flashcard 6: In zone _____ of the lung, alveolar ventilation (V) is highest

Answer: 3 (base)

Flashcard 7: In response to high altitude, there is chronic hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction which results in pulmonary _____ and RV hypertrophy

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 8: The graph given below shows _____ _____thoracic obstruction

Answer: variable

Flashcard 9: The graph given depicts the _____ effect

Answer: Haldane

Flashcard 10: The alveolar gas equation states that the alveolar PO2 (PAO2) equals:

Answer: PAO2 = PIO2 – (PaCO2 / R) (PIO2 = FiO2 × [Patm – PH2O])

Extra: Where: - PAO2 = Alveolar PO2 - PIO2 = Inspired PO2 - PaCO2 = Arterial PCO2 - R = Respiratory Quotient (typically 0.8) At sea level: - Patm = 760 mmHg - PH2O = 47 mmHg