Control of Breathing — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ generates the rhythm for automated breathing.

Answer: Pre-Botzinger complex

Flashcard 2: The ventral respiratory group contributes to the extra respiratory drive (_____ mechanism)

Answer: overdrive

Flashcard 3: Peripheral chemoreceptors respond PRIMARILY to decreases in _____ and pH

Answer: Pao2

Flashcard 4: The most important stimulus controlling the level of resting ventilation is _____ of CSF

Answer: pH

Flashcard 5: The _____ respiratory group is primarily responsible for expiration and is not active during normal, quiet breathing

Answer: ventral

Flashcard 6: OSA, causes hypoventilation and resulting _____ hypoxia and hypercapnia

Answer: transient

Flashcard 7: A deep breath _____ the secretion of surfactant by stretching the type II cells.

Answer: increases

Flashcard 8: Both peripheral and central chemoreceptors contribute to increased ventilation that occurs as a result of decreased _____.

Answer: pH

Extra: Both peripheral and central chemoreceptors respond to a decrease in pH (acidosis) and an increase in PCO2 (hypercapnia). - **Peripheral chemoreceptors** (carotid and aortic bodies): Respond directly to a decrease in **arterial pH**, an increase in PCO2, and a decrease in PO2 (< 60 mmHg). - **Central chemoreceptors** (medulla): Respond to a decrease in the **pH of the CSF/brain extracellular fluid**. Since H+ cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, this is primarily driven by an increase in arterial PCO2 (which crosses easily and is converted to H+ and HCO3-). Note: Only peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in arterial pH (e.g., metabolic acidosis) and low PO2. Both respond to changes in PCO2.

Flashcard 9: High altitude initially causes _____ alkalosis and hypoxia, which may cause acute altitude sickness

Answer: respiratory

Flashcard 10: Central chemoreceptors respond indirectly to increased _____ and directly to decreased pH

Answer: Pco2