Neurophysiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: The _____ neurons in the pontine reticular formation, on stimulation, induce REM sleep.

Answer: cholinergic

Extra: Cholinergic neurons in the pontine reticular formation (e.g., Pedunculopontine and Laterodorsal tegmental nuclei) are responsible for the induction of REM sleep.

Flashcard 52: _____ fibres from the pontine nuclei use glutamate as their neurotransmitter

Answer: Mossy

Flashcard 53: One control center for horizontal gaze is located in the _____, which is responsible for ipsi-lateral gaze

Answer: paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)

Flashcard 54: _____ neurons within the striatum stimulate the indirect basal ganglia pathway

Answer: Cholinergic

Flashcard 55: Lesions to the _____ may result in:- deficits in verbal memory (ex. word recognition) if the dominant lobe is affected- deficits in nonverbal memory (ex. musical ability) if the nondominant lobe is affected

Answer: temporal lobe

Flashcard 56: Neurotransmitter receptors that act through _____ are called metabotropic receptors.

Answer: second messenger systems

Flashcard 57: The _____nergic neurons in posterior hypothalamus, on stimulation, induce arousal.

Answer: histamine

Flashcard 58: In _____ rigidity, the upper and lower limbs show extension due to loss of excitation by corticospinal and rubrospinal fibres on flexor alpha-motor neurons of spinal cord; and corticoreticular fibres on reticular formation of medulla.

Answer: decerebrate

Flashcard 59: The _____ tract carries information for pressure, vibration, fine (discriminative) touch, and proprioception

Answer: dorsal column-medial lemniscal

Flashcard 60: Long-term _____ is classically seen in the hippocampus

Answer: potentiation