Emergency Pharmacology — Flashcards

Flashcard 11: What is the treatment for cocaine intoxication? _____ (Avoid β-blockers due to unopposed α-stimulation)

Answer: Benzodiazepines

Extra: Beta-blockers are contraindicated in cocaine toxicity because they lead to unopposed alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which can cause or worsen severe hypertension and coronary artery vasoconstriction. Benzodiazepines are the first-line treatment to manage agitation, seizures, and cardiovascular symptoms.

Flashcard 12: What are the "4 P's" used to treat thyroid storm? 1. _____ (a beta-blocker) 2. Propylthiouracil 3. Prednisolone (a corticosteroid) 4. Potassium iodide (Lugol iodine)

Answer: Propranolol

Flashcard 13: Which two hormones or hormone analogs may be used for the management of esophageal variceal bleeding? _____ and Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

Answer: Vasopressin (or terlipressin)

Flashcard 14: Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat _____ and neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer: malignant hyperthermia

Flashcard 15: If bradycardia is not responsive to atropine and transcutaneous pacing, consider IV infusion of _____ (5 to 20 mcg/kg/min) or epinephrine (2 to 10 mcg/min)

Answer: dopamine

Flashcard 16: Epinephrine is used in cardiac arrest patients at a dose of _____ mg epinephrine, 10 mL of 1: 10,000 solution

Answer: 1

Flashcard 17: _____ is a combined alpha- and beta-antagonist used in the management of hypertensive emergencies.

Answer: Labetalol

Flashcard 18: Intravenous (Zuspan or Sibai) regime: Loading dose is _____ IV slow over 15-20 minute

Answer: 4g

Flashcard 19: Hartmann's solution are a mixture of _____ chloride, Sodium lactate, Potassium chloride, and Calcium chloride in water

Answer: Sodium

Flashcard 20: _____ injection of epinephrine (1:1000) is preferred over intravenous (IV) bolus for the rx of anaphylaxis

Answer: IM