Blood Transfusion and Alternatives — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Thrombolytics result in an _____ PT and elevated PTT

Answer: elevated

Flashcard 2: _____ and antithymocyte globulin can be used in the immunosuppressive treatment of immune mediated Aplastic Anemia

Answer: Cyclosporine

Flashcard 3: _____ is an erythroid maturation agent, recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of transfusion-dependent thalassemia.

Answer: Luspatercept

Flashcard 4: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are generally recommended in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when hemoglobin levels fall below _____ .

Answer: 10 g/dL

Extra: In patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are typically initiated when the hemoglobin level falls below 10 g/dL. The goal of treatment is to maintain hemoglobin between 10.0 and 11.5 g/dL. Higher targets (>13 g/dL) are avoided because they have been linked to an increased risk of stroke, hypertension, and cardiovascular complications (as demonstrated in the TREAT and CREATE trials). Additionally, iron stores must be adequate (TSAT > 20% and ferritin > 100-200 ng/mL) before starting ESAs for optimal response.

Flashcard 5: _____ may present with cyanosis and chocolate-colored blood

Answer: Methemoglobinemia

Flashcard 6: For rapid reversal of warfarin, _____ or prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC) should be administered

Answer: fresh frozen plasma (FFP)

Flashcard 7: _____, a synthetic metalloporphyrin is a potential alternative medical therapy for neonatal jaundice.

Answer: Sn-mesoporphyrin (SnMP)

Flashcard 8: _____ is considered superior to all other parenteral iron supplementation especially for postpartum IDA.

Answer: Ferric carboxymaltose

Flashcard 9: Treatment of hemophilia A involves _____ plus recombinant factor VIII

Answer: desmopressin

Flashcard 10: _____ is a competitive antagonist of PAR-1

Answer: Vorapaxar