CNS Stimulants and Cognitive Enhancers — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is a nootropic agent (a drug that enhances cognitive function) that is used off-label to enhance memory and to treat myoclonus.

Answer: Piracetam

Flashcard 2: _____ causes dissociative anesthesia.

Answer: Phencyclidine (Drug of abuse)

Flashcard 3: Drug of choice for drug induced parkinsonism?

Answer: Anticholinergics

Flashcard 4: Which dopamine receptor agonist is associated with antioxidant effect?_____

Answer: Pramipexole

Flashcard 5: Neuromodulators typically have actions that are _____ than neurotransmitters.

Answer: slower (faster/slower)

Flashcard 6: Acetylcholine and _____ are implicated in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

Answer: norepinephrine::Neurotransmitter

Flashcard 7: Drug of choice for treatment of Alzheimer's disease is:

Answer: Donepezil

Flashcard 8: Cocaine intoxication can cause agitation, _____ (BP), tachycardia (HR), and pupillary dilation

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 9: _____ amphetamine use will decrease the minimum alveolar concentration for an anaesthetic agent

Answer: Chronic (Acute/Chronic)

Flashcard 10: Sodium valproate mechanism of action: 1. Blocks voltage-gated _____ channels. 2. Increases the concentration of GABA in the brain. 3. Inhibits T-type calcium (Ca2+) channels.

Answer: sodium (Na+)

Extra: Sodium valproate is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant used for generalized (including absence) and focal seizures. It increases GABA levels by inhibiting GABA transaminase and stimulating glutamic acid decarboxylase. It also inhibits T-type Ca2+ channels in the thalamus, which explains its efficacy in absence seizures.