Orthopedic Manifestations of Genetic Disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: In DDH, _____ and internal rotation movements of the hip are decreased.

Answer: abduction

Extra: Clinical signs of DDH in an infant/child: - **Limited abduction** (most reliable clinical sign after the neonatal period) - **Limited internal rotation** (the limb is typically held in a position of external rotation) - **Asymmetric skin folds** (groin, thigh, or gluteal) - **Galeazzi sign** (apparent shortening of the femur) - **Ortolani and Barlow tests** (positive in the neonatal period for hip instability) - **Trendelenburg sign** (positive in walking children due to abductor weakness)

Flashcard 2: _____ idiopathic scoliosis is classically defined as scoliosis that is first diagnosed between birth and 3 years of age

Answer: Infantile

Flashcard 3: _____ sign evaluates skeletal maturation using the ossification of the iliac apophysis, in the evaluation of scoliosis

Answer: Risser's

Flashcard 4: _____ disease is intraarticular epiphyseal osteochondromas.

Answer: Trevor's

Flashcard 5: The _____ classification is used to grade the severity of Sprengel deformity.

Answer: Cavendish

Flashcard 6: Tom-Smith's arthritis causes severe destruction of the _____ of the femur as it is cartilaginous at this age.

Answer: head

Flashcard 7: Acute osteomyelitis is most likely to cause limb shortening and deformity in which demographic?_____

Answer: Infants

Flashcard 8: Common presentations of unicameral bone cysts include _____ and may cause growth disturbances due to its proximity to the growth plate.

Answer: pathological fractures

Flashcard 9: What is the pathogenesis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?

Answer: Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis.

Flashcard 10: Which of the following is associated with acute hip/knee pain and altered gait (outward facing toe gait)? _____

Answer: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis