Dystocia and Abnormal Labor Patterns — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: The fourth stage of labour is a stage of observation for at least _____ after the full expulsion of the placenta.

Answer: an hour

Flashcard 2: _____ decelerations are caused by mechanical compression of the umbilical cord, and managed by repositioning the mother into lateral decubitus position

Answer: Variable

Flashcard 3: Which muscles are cut in a mediolateral episiotomy?

Answer: 1. Bulbospongiosus 2. Superficial transverse perineal 3. Levator ani (medial fibers of Pubococcygeus)

Flashcard 4: In a _____ pelvis, the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the inlet is lesser than the transverse diameter, resulting in a flat oval with narrow sacrosciatic notches

Answer: platypelloid

Flashcard 5: Labor is called a precipitate when the combined duration of the first and second stages is less than _____ hours

Answer: 3

Flashcard 6: Definitive mx of incomplete abortion after 12 weeks is augmenting uterine contractions with _____

Answer: oxytocin

Flashcard 7: What is the management of choice for bilateral shoulder dystocia?

Answer: Zavanelli maneuver followed by emergency cesarean section

Extra: Bilateral shoulder dystocia occurs when both the anterior and posterior shoulders are impacted at the pelvic brim. Since standard maneuvers (like McRoberts or internal rotation) are usually ineffective in this rare scenario, the Zavanelli maneuver (cephalic replacement) followed by an emergency cesarean section is the management of choice.

Flashcard 8: In a case of shoulder dystocia, what is the first line of management?_____

Answer: Give McRobert's manouvre

Flashcard 9: Misoprostol promotes _____ contraction and therefore may be used for induction of labor (ripens cervix)

Answer: uterine

Flashcard 10: _____ decelerations are caused by mechanical compression of the umbilical cord, and managed by repositioning the mother into lateral decubitus position

Answer: Variable