Ovarian Cancer — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ mutation carriers have increased risk for serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary and fallopian tube

Answer: BRCA1

Flashcard 2: Which ovarian tumor is more common in patients with ovarian dysgenesis?_____

Answer: Dysgerminomas

Flashcard 3: The vast majority of _____ tumors of the ovary are benign or borderline tumors

Answer: mucinous (serous/mucinous)

Flashcard 4: Women who have known _____ gene mutations or a first degree relative with such mutations should undergo annual MRI screening for breast cancer (high lifetime risk 20-25%)

Answer: BRCA1/BRCA2

Flashcard 5: _____ is used for clinical staging and planning treatment by determining the involvement of the endocervical canal in endometrial malignancy.

Answer: Fractional curettage

Extra: Note: Current FIGO staging for endometrial cancer is **surgical**. Fractional curettage is used to identify cervical involvement (Stage II) clinically or pre-operatively to plan the extent of surgery (e.g., simple vs. radical hysterectomy).

Flashcard 6: Choriocarcinoma that arises as a _____ has a poor response to chemotherapy

Answer: spontaneous germ cell tumor

Flashcard 7: Ovarian carcinoma is associated with '_____', which occurs from seeding of the peritoneum with layers upon layers of tumor cell growth

Answer: omental caking

Flashcard 8: Staging of Vulvar cancer: **Stage _____** consists of tumors confined to the vulva or perineum with size **> 2 cm** or stromal invasion **> 1 mm** (with negative nodes).

Answer: IB

Flashcard 9: Which is the only germ cell ovarian malignancy with significant rate of bilateral involvement?_____

Answer: Dysgerminoma

Flashcard 10: Stage IV vulval cancers can be treated by _____ as mainstay treatment along with local excision on residual tumor

Answer: Primary chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy)