Antimicrobial Resistance — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ genes are responsible for FQ resistance

Answer: gyrA and gyrB

Extra: 

Flashcard 2: _____ gene from vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus to S. aureus is an example of transposition.

Answer: VanA

Flashcard 3: Community acquired MRSA is _____drug resistant and more virulent

Answer: mono

Flashcard 4: Resistance in MRSA is mediated by _____ gene which is coded on the chromosome

Answer: mecA

Flashcard 5: _____ agar is used in Kirby-Bauer s disc diffusion method of antibiotic sensitivity testing.

Answer: Mueller-Hinton

Flashcard 6: Gene Xpert identifies mutations in the _____ gene to detect rifampicin resistance

Answer: rpoB

Flashcard 7: Burkholderia cepacia is resistant to _____ gen. cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, polymyxin and carboxypenicillins

Answer: first and second

Flashcard 8: Enterococcus faecium is _____ common and more likely to be resistant to vancomycin (more or less)

Answer: less

Flashcard 9: _____ can alter its peptidoglycan to D-ala-D-lac, conferring resistance to Vancomycin

Answer: Enterococcus spp. (VRE)

Flashcard 10: _____ classification of ESBL is based on their amino acid sequence

Answer: Ambler

Flashcard 11: _____ resistance occurs in Enterococcus spp. (VRE) via amino acid modification of D-Ala-D-Ala to D-Ala-D-Lac.

Answer: Vancomycin

Flashcard 12: Resistance to cephalosporins and aztreonam is typically accomplished by _____ that are encoded on plasmids

Answer: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL)

Flashcard 13: Which mycobacterium species is innately resistant to Rifampin?_____

Answer: M. abscessus

Flashcard 14: E-test (epsilometer) method is a  _____ method to test antibiotic sensitivity.

Answer: diffusion and dilution

Flashcard 15: Tube and Agar dilution method are _____ methods to test antibiotic sensitivity.

Answer: dilution

Flashcard 16: KirbyBauer and Stokes method are _____ methods to test antibiotic sensitivity.

Answer: diffusion

Flashcard 17: Community acquired MRSA is mediated by mecA subtype _____

Answer: IV

Flashcard 18: Can MIC be measured using Kirby Bauer's method?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 19: When a subset of the total microbial population is resistant, despite the total microbial population being susceptible on testing, the phenomenon is called as?  _____

Answer: Heteroresistance

Flashcard 20: _____ is the molecular basis of penicillin G resistance in pneumococci and meningococci.

Answer: Transformation

Flashcard 21: The disc diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing is applied in the _____ method.

Answer: Kirby Bauer