Hematology — Flashcards
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The given instrument is a _____ needle used for bone marrow biopsy.
The given image shows leukemia cutis seen in AML M_____ and M_____
Vitamin _____ deficiency may cause hemolytic anemia and acanthocytosis (hematologic complications)
_____ commonly causes aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell, thalassemias, and hereditary spherocytosis
While Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is typically asymptomatic, it infrequently presents with _____ and mucocutaneous bleeding
Hemophilia _____ is a coagulation disorder due to a genetic factor IX deficiency
One consequence of autosplenectomy in sickle cell disease is increased risk of _____ due to Salmonella typhi infection
Treatment of -thalassemia major involves chronic _____, which increases risk for secondary hemochromatosis
Vitamin B9 (folate) deficiency most commonly occurs due to _____, alcoholism, or drugs (e.g. phenytoin, sulfonamides, methotrexate)
_____ classically presents with intense itching, especially after a hot shower
Hematology Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Hematology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Hematology Flashcard Deck - 148 Cards
Flashcard 1: The given instrument is a _____ needle used for bone marrow biopsy.
Answer: Klima
Flashcard 2: The given image shows leukemia cutis seen in AML M_____ and M_____
Answer: 4
Flashcard 3: Vitamin _____ deficiency may cause hemolytic anemia and acanthocytosis (hematologic complications)
Answer: E
Flashcard 4: _____ commonly causes aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell, thalassemias, and hereditary spherocytosis
Answer: Parvovirus B19
Flashcard 5: While Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is typically asymptomatic, it infrequently presents with _____ and mucocutaneous bleeding
Answer: B-symptoms
Flashcard 6: Hemophilia _____ is a coagulation disorder due to a genetic factor IX deficiency
Answer: B (Christmas disease)
Flashcard 7: One consequence of autosplenectomy in sickle cell disease is increased risk of _____ due to Salmonella typhi infection
Answer: osteomyelitis
Flashcard 8: Treatment of -thalassemia major involves chronic _____, which increases risk for secondary hemochromatosis
Answer: transfusions
Flashcard 9: Vitamin B9 (folate) deficiency most commonly occurs due to _____, alcoholism, or drugs (e.g. phenytoin, sulfonamides, methotrexate)
Answer: pregnancy
Flashcard 10: _____ classically presents with intense itching, especially after a hot shower
Answer: Polycythemia vera
Flashcard 11: The signs/symptoms of _____ may be remembered with the mnemonic "CRAB": C: hyperCalcemiaR: Renal involvementA: Anemia*B: Bone lytic lesions / Back pain
Answer: multiple myeloma
Flashcard 12: What are the three main conditions which precipitate sickling in sickle cell anemia? _____, dehydration, and acidosis
Answer: Hypoxemia
Flashcard 13: _____ and antithymocyte globulin can be used in the immunosuppressive treatment of immune mediated Aplastic Anemia
Answer: Cyclosporine
Flashcard 14: The cause of aplastic anemia may be _____-mediated and sometimes follows acute hepatitis
Answer: immune
Flashcard 15: _____ anemia may be caused by lead poisoning
Answer: Sideroblastic
Flashcard 16: _____ is almost always secondary to another disease, which may be remembered with "STOP Making New Thrombi" S:Sepsis, Snake bite (rattlesnake) T: Trauma O: *Obstetric complications P: Pancreatitis (acute) Making: Malignancy New: Nephrotic syndrome Thrombi: Transfusion
Answer: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Flashcard 17: _____ is an autosomal dominant condition where there are cycles of neutropenia
Answer: Cyclic neutropenia
Flashcard 18: Patients with -thalassemia major are at risk of _____ with parvovirus B19 infection of erythroid precursors
Answer: aplastic crisis
Flashcard 19: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is characterized by (PNH Thrombosis)- P_____- Nocturnal build up of Red/Pink Urine - coombs (-) Hemolytic anemia- venous Thrombosis
Answer: ancytopenia
Flashcard 20: DIC is associated with bleeding, especially from _____ sites and mucosal surfaces
Answer: IV
Flashcard 21: The 1st line treatment for polycythemia vera is _____; second-line therapy is hydroxyurea
Answer: phlebotomy
Flashcard 22: Type _____ is autosomal recessive type of vWD.
Answer: 3
Flashcard 23: Type _____ von Willebrand disease is associated with near complete deficiency of factor VIII
Answer: 3
Flashcard 24: Anemia is classified as _____ when the MCV > 100 m3
Answer: macrocytic
Flashcard 25: The classic presentation of a hypercoagulable state is _____ or DVT at a young age
Answer: recurrent DVTs
Flashcard 26: Vitamin _____ is used as an ancillary treatment for methemoglobinemia
Answer: C
Flashcard 27: What is the treatment (3) for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)? _____, corticosteroids, rituximab
Answer: plasmapheresis
Flashcard 28: Factor XIII deficiency presents with _____ prothrombin time (PT) and a normal activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT)
Answer: normal
Flashcard 29: Treatment of B-ALL requires prophylaxis to the _____ and CSF
Answer: scrotum
Flashcard 30: One cause of vitamin _____ deficiency is pernicious anemia, which is characterized by lack of intinsic factor
Answer: B12
Flashcard 31: _____ may present with cyanosis and chocolate-colored blood
Answer: Methemoglobinemia
Flashcard 32: Patients with sickle cell anemia are at risk of _____ with parvovirus B19 infection of erythroid precursors
Answer: aplastic crisis
Flashcard 33: In a patient with a Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency, B9 (Folate) supplementation will mask _____ but not neurological symptoms
Answer: hematological
Flashcard 34: Normocytic anemia is either due to _____ or underproduction
Answer: peripheral destruction (hemolysis)
Flashcard 35: Anemia is classified as _____ when the MCV is between 80 to 100 m3
Answer: normocytic
Flashcard 36: Type _____ and 2 are autosomal dominant types of vWD.
Answer: 1
Flashcard 37: Hyperviscosity in multiple myeloma occurs due to excessive production of M proteins, usually of IgG_____ or IgA subtype
Answer: 3
Flashcard 38: Aplastic anemia may be caused by _____ anemia, which occurs due to a dsDNA repair defect, resulting in bone marrow failure
Answer: Fanconi
Flashcard 39: In addition to symptoms of anemia, iron deficiency also presents with _____ and koilonychia (spoon nails)
Answer: pica
Flashcard 40: In general, iron deficiency is usually caused by _____ or blood loss
Answer: dietary lack
Flashcard 41: _____ gastritis is associated with increased risk for pernicious anemia
Answer: Chronic autoimmune
Flashcard 42: _____ is a helminth that can result in megaloblastic anemia due to B12 (cobalamin) deficiency
Answer: Diphyllobothrium latum
Flashcard 43: _____ to heparin is because of high concentrations of factor VIII and fibrinogen.
Answer: Pseudo-resistance
Flashcard 44: Hemophilia _____ is a coagulation disorder due to a genetic factor XI deficiency
Answer: C
Flashcard 45: Polycythemia is associated with _____ SaO2, increased O2 content, and normal PaO2
Answer: normal
Flashcard 46: von Willebrand disease typically presents with mild _____ and skin bleeding
Answer: mucosal
Flashcard 47: Acute leukemia may present acutely with symptoms of _____, thrombocytopenia, and/or neutropenia
Answer: anemia
Flashcard 48: _____ absolute polycythemia is characterized by decreased O2 saturation
Answer: Appropriate
Flashcard 49: What regions are most commonly affected by adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma?_____, West Africa, and the Caribbean
Answer: Japan
Flashcard 50: _____ absolute polycythemia is characterized by normal O2 saturation
Answer: Inappropriate
Flashcard 51: Non-hereditary causes of non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemia include _____ disease and alcoholism and why?
Answer: liver
Flashcard 52: Localized T-cell lymphoma is treated by _____ while a disseminated disease requires chemotherapy.
Answer: radiation
Flashcard 53: The pentad of classical symptoms seen in _____ may be remembered using the mnemonic FAT RN: F: Fever (1/5 patients)A*: Anemia (Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia)T*: ThrombocytopeniaR: Renal symptoms (1/2 of patients)-More common in HUSN: Neurologic symptoms (2/3 of patients)-More common in TTP
Answer: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Flashcard 54: What is the cause of hypercoagulable state in Cushing's syndrome?Increased _____ and decreased fibrinolysis
Answer: factor VIII, vWF
Flashcard 55: TTP and HUS typically present with _____ PT and normal PTT
Answer: normal
Flashcard 56: Major clinical manifestations of GVHD result from the involvement of the immune system and epithelia of the skin, _____, and intestine
Answer: liver
Flashcard 57: Tumor lysis syndrome is most common with treatment of _____ and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Answer: lymphoma
Flashcard 58: Factor XIII deficiency presents with _____ bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) and a normal platelet count
Answer: normal
Flashcard 59: Type _____ von Willebrand disease is associated with quantitative defects in von Willebrand factor (vWF)
Answer: 1
Flashcard 60: Patients with hereditary spherocytosis are at risk of _____ with parvovirus B19 infection of erythroid precursors
Answer: aplastic crisis
Flashcard 61: IgM-mediated hemolytic anemia is commonly associated with _____ infection and infectious mononucleosis
Answer: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Flashcard 62: PTLD has a variety of symptoms; ranging from symptoms that resemble _____ to malignancy induced dysfunction of the transplanted organ
Answer: mononucleosis
Flashcard 63: _____ is a mutated form of factor V that is resistant to degradation by activated protein C
Answer: Factor V Leiden
Flashcard 64: Women are treated with low-dose aspirin (_____ mg/day) and heparin (5,000 units SC twice daily) for up to 34 weeks for managing APLA.
Answer: 50
Flashcard 65: The causes of eosinophilia may be remembered with the mnemonic "PACCMAN": P: _____A: asthmaC: Churg-Strauss syndromeC: chronic adrenal insufficiencyM: Myeloproliferative disordersA: allergic processesN: neoplasia (ex. Hodgkin lymphoma)
Answer: parasites
Flashcard 66: Multiple myeloma presents with _____ bone lesions and hypercalcemia
Answer: lytic (punched-out)
Flashcard 67: Due to Streptococcus pneumoniae having a polysaccharide capsule virulence factor, patients who have _____ disease or a-splenic patients are particularly susceptible
Answer: sickle cell
Flashcard 68: _____ anemia may be caused by vitamin B6 deficiency
Answer: Sideroblastic
Flashcard 69: _____ (vitamin A) is used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia
Answer: All-trans-retinoic acid
Flashcard 70: The M spike seen in _____ is due to monoclonal IgM
Answer: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Flashcard 71: Symptoms of essential thrombocythemia are related to an increased risk of _____ and/or thrombosis
Answer: bleeding
Flashcard 72: Normocytic anemia with extravascular hemolysis is associated with _____ due to increased serum unconjugated bilirubin
Answer: jaundice
Flashcard 73: _____ is the treatment of choice in a case of ITP relapse
Answer: Splenectomy
Flashcard 74: What type of vWD is also referred to as autosomal hemophilia?_____
Answer: Type 2N
Flashcard 75: Which is the only hemolytic anemia caused by an acquired genetic defect?_____
Answer: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
Flashcard 76: Recurrent _____ is the most common bleeding manifestation of severe hemophilia
Answer: hemarthrosis
Flashcard 77: Rai staging and Binet staging is used for which leukemia?_____
Answer: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Flashcard 78: Deficiency of factor _____ is also referred to as parahemophilia
Answer: V
Flashcard 79: In heterozygotes with sickle-cell trait, about _____% of the hemoglobin is HbS
Answer: 40
Flashcard 80: _____ is the most common hematologic abnormality associated with HIV infection
Answer: Anemia
Flashcard 81: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is most commonly seen with _____
Answer: disseminated intravascular coagulation
Flashcard 82: Are bone lytic lesions seen in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 83: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) occurs within _____ hours of transfusion
Answer: 24
Flashcard 84: von Willebrand disease associated with decreased affinity of vWF to platelets is Type 2_____.
Answer: M
Flashcard 85: Most common cause of aplastic anemia is _____
Answer: idiopathic>auto-immune
Flashcard 86: von Willebrand disease associated with decreased affinity of vWF to factor VIII is Type 2_____.
Answer: N
Flashcard 87: Platelet counts less than _____ platelets/L may be associated with spontaneous (nontraumatic) bleeding.
Answer: 10,000
Flashcard 88: _____ syndrome is simultaneous or sequential direct Coombs-positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia in conjunction with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia
Answer: Evans
Flashcard 89: What type of Acquired angioedema is often associated with a lymphoproliferative disease?_____
Answer: Type I
Flashcard 90: Mentzer index is defined as the quotient of _____
Answer: MCV/TRBC
Flashcard 91: Consuption of beer prepared in iron pots or drums can cause for dietary/african iron overload, also known as _____ siderosis
Answer: Bantu
Flashcard 92: Cryoprecipitate is given in low fibrinogen states or factor _____ or vWF deficiency
Answer: VIII
Flashcard 93: Patients of hairy cell leukemia are at increased risk of atypical _____ infections
Answer: mycobacterial
Flashcard 94: Patients with sickle cell anemia should not receive G-CSF as it can trigger a _____
Answer: severe cell crisis
Flashcard 95: TRALI is _____ likely to occur following transfusion of products containing high levels of donor antibodies, such as fresh frozen plasma and platelets.
Answer: more
Flashcard 96: Type _____ HIT is caused by antibodies that recognize complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4.
Answer: II
Flashcard 97: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, are recommended when hemoglobin levels are _____%.
Answer: 20
Flashcard 98: Encapsulated bacterial infections are a(n) _____ cause of post-HSCT infection
Answer: late
Flashcard 99: Which blood component can be given for the rx of factor VII, prothrombin and factor X deficiency?_____
Answer: FFP and PCCs
Flashcard 100: What is the most common type of AML?_____
Answer: AML M2
Flashcard 101: What is the most powerful prognostic indicator of multiple myeloma at the time of diagnosis?_____
Answer: 2 microglobulin
Flashcard 102: Absolute lymphocyte count 3 or lymphocytes of leukocytes are poor prognostic factors for Hodgkin's lymphoma
Answer: Absolute lymphocyte count 3 or lymphocytes of leukocytes are poor prognostic factors for Hodgkin's lymphoma
Flashcard 103: The reticulocyte count is _____ in megaloblastic anemia.
Answer: decreased
Flashcard 104: _____ are indicated for the emergency reversal of warfarin therapy in uncontrolled hemorrhage
Answer: Prothrombin Complex Concentrates
Flashcard 105: Anemia in a non-pregnant woman is defined as a hemoglobin level of
Answer: Anemia in a non-pregnant woman is defined as a hemoglobin level of
Flashcard 106: The most common presentation of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is _____.
Answer: venous thrombosis
Flashcard 107: Is thrombocytopenia a contraindication to bone marrow biopsy?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 108: Which hematological abnormalities can lead to the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?_____
Answer: sickle cell anemia
Flashcard 109: The most common trigger for hemolysis in G6PD deficiency is _____
Answer: infection
Flashcard 110: Infections with encapsulated organisms such as pneumococcus occur in the first _____ years after splenectomy
Answer: 2-3
Flashcard 111: _____ is the only method to abort a rapidly progressing episode of acute chest syndrome
Answer: Blood transfusion
Flashcard 112: Ig_____ type of multiple myeloma is having highest rate of renal insufficiency.
Answer: D
Flashcard 113: Which lymphoid neoplasm is associated with Felty syndrome?_____
Answer: Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Flashcard 114: _____ serum albumin is associated with a poor prognosis in multiple myeloma
Answer: Low
Flashcard 115: In megaloblastic anemia, mild degree of hemolysis leads to raised _____
Answer: bilirubin
Flashcard 116: What is the most common type of monoclonal gammopathy?_____
Answer: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
Flashcard 117: A patient with hemoglobin level _____ is not indicated for a transfusion in the absence of other risk factors
Answer: >8
Flashcard 118: _____ gender is poor prognostic factors for Hodgkin's lymphoma
Answer: Male
Flashcard 119: Stress polycythemia, or Gaisbck syndrome may produce _____ polycythemia
Answer: relative (absolute/relative)
Flashcard 120: If the TT is _____ corrected after adding reptilase then the patient likely has heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Answer:
Flashcard 121: The most common symptom in multiple myeloma is _____.
Answer: bone pain
Flashcard 122: Which blood component can be given for the rx of factor V and factor XI deficiency?_____
Answer: FFP
Flashcard 123: Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is involved in which type of B-cell lymphoma?_____
Answer: chronic lymphocytic lymphoma/small lymphocytic lymphoma
Flashcard 124: Hemoglobin SC and S-Thal disease have _____ severe ocular manifestations than HbSS
Answer: more
Flashcard 125: Individuals with the deficiency of factor _____ may not bleed at all and may be susceptible to thrombosis
Answer: XII
Flashcard 126: Vitamin _____ levels are strikingly elevated because of increased levels of transcobalamin III in patients of polycythemia vera
Answer: B12
Flashcard 127: Does G6PD deficiency present with splenomegaly?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 128: What AML subtype is associated with sweet syndrome?_____
Answer: AML M5
Flashcard 129: What is the most common presentation of Mantle-cell lymphoma?_____
Answer: Painless LAD
Flashcard 130: Does G6PD deficiency present with gallstones?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 131: Which blood component can be given for the rx of Fibrinogen and vWF deficiency?_____
Answer: Cryoppt
Flashcard 132: Total WBC count >_____ cells/mm3 is poor prognostic factors for Hodgkin's lymphoma
Answer: 15000
Flashcard 133: What is used for the treatment of erythropoetic protoporphyria?_____
Answer: -carotene
Flashcard 134: Blood transfusion should be started within _____ mins of receiving the components from the blood bank
Answer: 30
Flashcard 135: NPM1 and CEBPA mutation is associated with a _____ prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Answer: good
Flashcard 136: The concurrence of sickle cell anemia and -thalassemia results in _____ severe hemolytic anemia.
Answer: less
Flashcard 137: Type _____ antibodies in pernicious anemia prevent binding of the intrinsic factor-vitamin B12 complex to its ileal receptor.
Answer: II
Flashcard 138: Polycythemia will lead to a falsely _____ in reading on pulse oximeter
Answer: no effect
Flashcard 139: Older RBC are _____ prone to hemolysis than younger ones in G6PD deficiency.
Answer: more
Flashcard 140: Prophylactic platelet transfusion in Dengue is limited to patients with severe thrombocytopenia _____/mm3
Answer: 10,000
Flashcard 141: _____ is recommended for AML patients with _____ risk who have achieved complete remission
Answer: HSCT; adverse
Flashcard 142: The most appropriate test for screening the patient's family members for Hemochromatosis would be _____.
Answer: transferrin saturation
Flashcard 143: Overflow proteinuria is seen in cases of _____
Answer: Multiple myeloma
Flashcard 144: Hyposthenuria is typically present in the urinalysis of a patient with sickle cell _____
Answer: trait
Flashcard 145: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) occurs within _____ following transfusion.
Answer: 6 hours
Flashcard 146: _____ = Corrected reticulocyte count divided by Maturation correction
Answer: Reticulocyte production index(RPI)
Flashcard 147: _____ is recommended for AML patients with _____ risk who have achieved complete remission
Answer: HSCT; adverse
Flashcard 148: Roth's spots are seen in _____
Answer: acute leukemia
Keywords: Hematology flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Anemia Evaluation and Management
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Hemoglobinopathies
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Thalassemias
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Platelet Disorders
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Coagulation Disorders
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Thrombotic Disorders
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Leukemias
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Lymphomas
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Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Disorders
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Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
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Transfusion Medicine
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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