Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 141: _____ infection is associated with decreased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Answer: Helicobacter pylori

Flashcard 142: What is the best procedure for visualizing distal biliary duct?_____

Answer: ERCP

Flashcard 143: According to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh Score, INR of >2.3 is given _____ point(s)

Answer: 3

Flashcard 144: Short bowel syndrome is associated with a small bowel length of less than _____cm

Answer: 200

Flashcard 145: The best method for the clinical diagnosis of bilhemia is _____

Answer: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Flashcard 146: What is the treatment of choice for autoimmune pancreatitis?_____

Answer: Steroids

Flashcard 147: What part of the stomach is spared in menetrier's disease?_____

Answer: Antrum

Flashcard 148: The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is the presence of _____.

Answer: gallstones

Flashcard 149: The **double duct sign** on ERCP is classically associated with which condition?

Answer: Adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas

Extra: The **double duct sign** refers to the simultaneous dilation of both the common bile duct (CBD) and the pancreatic duct. It is a hallmark imaging finding (seen on ERCP, CT, or MRCP) for a tumor in the head of the pancreas (most commonly adenocarcinoma) obstructing both ducts. Note: While "scrambled egg appearance" is a real but rare radiological description for **solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (Frantz tumors)** of the pancreas, the classic and high-yield association for ERCP findings in pancreatic cancer is the double duct sign.

Flashcard 150: Antibodies against the bacterial protein _____ are most common in Crohn disease patients who have disease-associated NOD2 variants

Answer: flagellin