Hair and Nail Disorders Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Hair and Nail Disorders with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Hair and Nail Disorders Flashcard Deck - 56 Cards
Flashcard 1: Muehrcke's lines on nails are specific for _____ and is due to pathology in the nail bed
Answer: hypoalbuminemia
Flashcard 2: _____ sign is melanonychia with the pigmentation of proximal nail fold seen in subungual melanoma
Answer: Hutchinson's
Flashcard 3: _____ is a neurocutaneous disorder associated with ungual fibromas, which are flesh-colored lumps emerging from nail folds
Answer: Tuberous sclerosis
Flashcard 4: Punctate leukonychia is caused by minor trauma to the nail _____ in manicures or also seen in alopecia areata
Answer: matrix
Flashcard 5: _____ lines are a manifestation of chronic arsenic or thallium intake and is due to pathology in nail matrix
Answer: Mees
Flashcard 6: _____ sign is melanonychia with the pigmentation of proximal nail fold seen in subungual melanoma
Answer: Hutchinson's
Flashcard 7: _____ are the preferred treatment for limited patchy alopecia areata, done for 6-8 weeks
Answer: Intralesional corticosteroids (Triamcinolone)
Flashcard 8: Nail plate pitting in alopecia areata is of the _____ and regular type
Answer: superficial
Flashcard 9: Second line rx for limited patchy alopecia areata is topical agents like _____ and minoxidil
Answer: anthralin
Flashcard 10: Longitudinal leukonychia is due to a parakeratotic focus in the nail _____, seen in Darier disease
Answer: matrix
Flashcard 11: _____ deficiency (mineral) is associated with decreased adult hair (axillary, facial, pubic)
Answer: Zinc
Flashcard 12: Chronic vitamin _____ toxicity may cause alopecia (hair complication) and dry skin
Answer: A
Flashcard 13: Muehrcke's lines on nails are specific for _____ and is due to pathology in the nail bed
Answer: hypoalbuminemia
Flashcard 14: Loss of hair _____ months after an event of physiological stress points towards a diagnosis of telogen effluvium
Answer: 3
Flashcard 15: At the end of _____ phase, epithelial cell division declines and ceases, and the hair follicle enters an involutionary phase known as catagen.
Answer: anagen
Flashcard 16: Mnemonic for causes of scarring alopecia: SF2L3P_____Favus and Kerion (Inflammatory Type of Tinea capitis)Folliculitis decalvansLichen planopilarisLupus vulgarisLupus erythematosis - discoid (DLE)pseudopelade of Brocq
Answer: Scleroderma - Linear scalp morphea (en coup de sabre)
Flashcard 17: Causes for non-scarring alopecia: THATS STDT_____ (Non Inflammatory Type - grey patch and black dot types)Hormonal - Hypothyroidism, Androgenetic alopeciaAnagen effluvium, Alopecia areataTrichotillomaniaSecondary syphilis (moth eaten alopecia)SLE(predominantly causes non-scarring alopecia but also can cause scarring alopecia)Telogen effluviumDeficiency of Zinc, Iron
Answer: inea capitis
Flashcard 18: What is the characteristic pattern of nail pitting seen in alopecia areata?_____
Answer: Fine-stippled pitting
Flashcard 19: Catagen phase of hair cycle lasts for about _____
Answer: 10 days
Flashcard 20: _____ or 20 nail dystrophy, is seen in lichen planus
Answer: Trachonychia
Flashcard 21: Chronic diffuse telogen hair loss refers to telogen hair shedding persisting for longer than _____ months
Answer: 6
Flashcard 22: _____ hair are often seen at the margins of the bald patches during active phases of alopecia areata
Answer: Exclamation mark
Flashcard 23: Syphilitic alopecia presents as patchy hair loss in secondary syphilis, also called as '_____' patches
Answer: moth eaten
Flashcard 24: _____ lines are indentations on the surface of the nail which appear when growth at cuticle is interrupted by injury or severe illness
Answer: Beau's
Flashcard 25: What is the most common nail change in lichen planus?_____
Answer: thinning of nail plate
Flashcard 26: _____ is characterised by discrete, smooth, and circular areas of hair loss developing over weeks to months
Answer: Alopecia areata
Flashcard 27: Will hyper or hypothyroidism cause diffuse telogen hair loss?_____
Answer: Both
Flashcard 28: During _____ phase of hair cycle, the proximal end of the hair shaft keratinizes to form a club-shaped structure and the lower part of the follicle involutes by apoptosis.
Answer: catagen
Flashcard 29: Trichorrhexis invaginata is caused due to _____ syndrome
Answer: Netherton's
Flashcard 30: Alopecia areata involving the entire scalp is referred to as _____
Answer: alopecia totalis
Flashcard 31: Which phase of hair cycle has hair roots covered by a long sheath?_____
Answer: Anagen
Flashcard 32: A hairpull test is _____ in telogen effluvium
Answer: positive (positive/negative )
Flashcard 33: Which phase of hair cycle has club shaped hair without a sheath?_____
Answer: Telogen
Flashcard 34: Loss of _____ is seen in leprosy and myxedema.
Answer: eyebrows (eyelashes/eyebrows)
Flashcard 35: _____ is characterized by a ball and socket appearance of hair in trichoscopy
Answer: Trichorrhexis invaginata
Flashcard 36: _____ phase of hair cycle is the time period between catagen and the next anagen
Answer: Telogen
Flashcard 37: Alopecia areata involving the entire body is referred to as _____
Answer: alopecia universalis
Flashcard 38: What is the most speciific nail change in lichen planus?_____
Answer: Dorsal nail pterygium
Flashcard 39: Contact/topical immunotherapy with agents such as _____, diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), is used for extensive alopecia areata
Answer: dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)
Flashcard 40: _____ is a rare genodermatosis showing regularly bended ribbon sign on trichoscopy
Answer: Monilethrix
Flashcard 41: Keratin filaments present in nails are _____
Answer: K6/K16
Flashcard 42: _____ sign is elevation of nail in shape of tent, seen in lichen planus
Answer: Pup-tent
Flashcard 43: Telogen effluvium occurs due to premature termination of the _____ phase of the hair cycle following a period of stress
Answer: anagen
Flashcard 44: Does telogen effluvium produce total baldness?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 45: What hair pathology is characterized by presence of firmly adherent, black, gritty, hard nodules along the hair shaft?_____
Answer: Black Piedra
Flashcard 46: _____ nail pterygium is seen in trauma, systemic sclerosis, Raynaud phenomenon, lupus erythematosus
Answer: Ventral (Dorsal/Ventral)
Flashcard 47: White hair are _____ in alopecia areata
Answer: spared (affected/spared)
Flashcard 48: _____ is hair shaft flattening and twisting along its axis, seen on trichogram in Menke's disease
Answer: Pili torti
Flashcard 49: _____ is a premature localized whitening of hair, which may involve the lashes and eyebrows.
Answer: Poliosis
Flashcard 50: Duration of _____ period of hair cycle determines the final length of hair
Answer: anagen
Flashcard 51: _____ refers to telogen hair loss seen 2 3 months after childbirth.
Answer: Telogen gravidarum
Flashcard 52: Under normal circumstances, _____% of hair follicles on the human scalp are in anagen at any one time.
Answer: 80 90
Flashcard 53: Porphyria cutanea tarda maybe associated with _____ of the face and forehead
Answer: hypertrichosis
Flashcard 54: In the human scalp, hair follicles may remain in a state of latency, also known as _____, for a prolonged period after the club hair is shed.
Answer: kenogen
Flashcard 55: _____ is the loss of eyelashes or eyebrows.
Answer: Madarosis
Flashcard 56: _____ nail pterygium is seen in Lichen Planus
Answer: Dorsal (Dorsal/Ventral)
Keywords: Hair and Nail Disorders flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
