Translation: Protein Synthesis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase (purine synthesis) is regulated by negative feedback via _____, IMP, and GMP

Answer: AMP

Flashcard 2: The 3 end with the CCA sequence is the _____ arm of the tRNA

Answer: acceptor

Flashcard 3: Guanosine is converted to _____ via the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase (purine salvage)

Answer: guanine

Flashcard 4: Which eIF is involved in the formation of binary complex (GTP+eIF)?_____

Answer: eIF2

Flashcard 5: RNA polymerase _____ makes mRNA

Answer: II

Flashcard 6: Orotic acid is combined with _____ to form UMP (pyrimidine synthesis)

Answer: phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP)

Extra: This process is catalyzed by the bifunctional enzyme **UMP synthase**, which possesses both orotate phosphoribosyltransferase and OMP decarboxylase activities. Orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP) is the immediate intermediate formed before decarboxylation to UMP.

Flashcard 7: Polyadenylation of mRNA protects against degradation by _____

Answer: 3' exonucleases

Flashcard 8: Hypoxanthine is converted to _____ via xanthine oxidase

Answer: xanthine

Flashcard 9: microRNA often leads to the _____ of target mRNA, thus causing decreased translation into protein

Answer: silencing/inactivation