Protein Synthesis and Post-Translational Modifications — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Acetylation and Deacetylation of _____ histones is associated with the activation or inactivation of gene transcription.

Answer: H3 and H4

Flashcard 2: One post-transcriptional modification is the _____ of introns

Answer: splicing out

Flashcard 3: What is the mechansim of action of toxalbumin?_____

Answer: inhibiting protein synthesis

Flashcard 4: First step of initiation of protein synthesis (translation) involves _____ of the ribosome

Answer: dissociation into subunits

Flashcard 5: In eukaryotes, _____ may be inhibited by alpha-amanitin

Answer: RNA polymerase II

Flashcard 6: _____, the 21st amino acid, is coded by the _____ codon by co-translational modification.

Answer: Selenocysteine; UGA

Flashcard 7: ADP-ribosylation of histones is associated with _____ and is carried out by vitamin B3

Answer: DNA repair

Flashcard 8: FISH may be carried out in Metaphase or _____phase of the cell cycle.

Answer: Inter

Flashcard 9: _____ test is a widely used biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.

Answer: Ames

Flashcard 10: There are approximately _____ genes present in the human genome.

Answer: 20,000-25,000

Extra: The number of protein-coding genes in the human genome was initially estimated by the Human Genome Project to be around 30,000-40,000, but has since been refined to approximately 20,000-25,000.