miRNA and RNA Interference — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is the branch of molecular biology that deals with the study of heritable changes in gene function not involving changes in the DNA sequence.

Answer: Epigenetics

Flashcard 2: At its core, CRISPR/Cas9 utilizes an endonuclease (_____) and a guide RNA that binds to a complementary target DNA sequence

Answer: Cas9

Flashcard 3: Pre-miRNA undergoes trimming by the enzyme complex _____ into mature single-stranded miRNA in the cytoplasm

Answer: DICER

Flashcard 4: _____ promote the expression of several genes whose products increase longevity

Answer: Sirtuins

Flashcard 5: _____ assay is used in the screening of recombinant vectors for inserted DNA fragments

Answer: Blue-white

Flashcard 6: Mature single-stranded miRNA is associated with a multiprotein aggregate called _____.

Answer: RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)

Flashcard 7: FISH may be carried out in Metaphase or _____phase of the cell cycle.

Answer: Inter

Flashcard 8: _____ test is a widely used biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.

Answer: Ames

Flashcard 9: There are approximately _____ genes present in the human genome.

Answer: 20,000-25,000

Extra: The number of protein-coding genes in the human genome was initially estimated by the Human Genome Project to be around 30,000-40,000, but has since been refined to approximately 20,000-25,000.

Flashcard 10: DNA _____ at CpG islands represses transcription

Answer: methylation