DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms — Flashcards

10 flashcards

In **Nonhomologous End Joining (NHEJ)**, dsDNA breaks are recognized by the **_____** heterodimer, which then recruits the **Artemis** nuclease and other proteins to help repair the damage.

In Homologous Recombination, dsDNA breaks are recognized by the _____ protein and the FA Core Complex, which activate BRCA1/2 to recruit enzymes to repair the break

_____ is the branch of molecular biology that deals with the study of heritable changes in gene function not involving changes in the DNA sequence.

A _____ is bacteria with plasmids containing DNA fragments representing the majority of the genetic information from a plant or animal.

First step of initiation of protein synthesis (translation) involves _____ of the ribosome

Phosphorylation of histone _____ is associated with the condensation of chromosomes during the replication cycle.

_____ assay is used in the screening of recombinant vectors for inserted DNA fragments

_____ refers to a rearrangement that involves two breaks within a single chromosome with reincorporation of the inverted, intervening segment.

FISH may be carried out in Metaphase or _____phase of the cell cycle.

#10

_____ test is a widely used biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.

DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards

Master DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.

DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards

Flashcard 1: In Nonhomologous End Joining (NHEJ), dsDNA breaks are recognized by the _____ heterodimer, which then recruits the Artemis nuclease and other proteins to help repair the damage.

Answer: Ku70/80

Extra: NHEJ is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA without a homologous template. Unlike Homologous Recombination, it does not require a sister chromatid and is active throughout the cell cycle (especially G1). **Key components:** 1. **Ku70/80**: Recognizes and binds to broken DNA ends. 2. **DNA-PKcs**: Recruited by Ku proteins to form the DNA-PK complex. 3. **Artemis**: A nuclease recruited and phosphorylated by DNA-PKcs to "clean up" or process the DNA ends. 4. **DNA Ligase IV & XRCC4**: Perform the final ligation. **Clinical Correlate:** Defects in NHEJ (e.g., Artemis mutations) can lead to **SCID** (because V(D)J recombination requires NHEJ) and increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation.

Flashcard 2: In Homologous Recombination, dsDNA breaks are recognized by the _____ protein and the FA Core Complex, which activate BRCA1/2 to recruit enzymes to repair the break

Answer: ATM

Flashcard 3: _____ is the branch of molecular biology that deals with the study of heritable changes in gene function not involving changes in the DNA sequence.

Answer: Epigenetics

Flashcard 4: A _____ is bacteria with plasmids containing DNA fragments representing the majority of the genetic information from a plant or animal.

Answer: genomic library

Flashcard 5: First step of initiation of protein synthesis (translation) involves _____ of the ribosome

Answer: dissociation into subunits

Flashcard 6: Phosphorylation of histone _____ is associated with the condensation of chromosomes during the replication cycle.

Answer: H1

Flashcard 7: _____ assay is used in the screening of recombinant vectors for inserted DNA fragments

Answer: Blue-white

Flashcard 8: _____ refers to a rearrangement that involves two breaks within a single chromosome with reincorporation of the inverted, intervening segment.

Answer: Inversion

Flashcard 9: FISH may be carried out in Metaphase or _____phase of the cell cycle.

Answer: Inter

Flashcard 10: _____ test is a widely used biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.

Answer: Ames

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DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms Flashcards for NEET-PG

Study 10 flashcards on DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms for NEET-PG Biochemistry. These active recall cards cover the key concepts, clinical associations, and high-yield facts from this chapter of Molecular Biology and Genomics. Each card is designed to test your understanding rather than just recognition, building stronger and more durable memories for exam day.

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There are 10 flashcards for DNA Replication and Repair Mechanisms, covering the key concepts, clinical correlations, and high-yield facts from this chapter of Molecular Biology and Genomics.

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