DNA Fingerprinting and Forensics — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is the branch of molecular biology that deals with the study of heritable changes in gene function not involving changes in the DNA sequence.

Answer: Epigenetics

Flashcard 2: In situ hybridization uses a _____ probe for gene localization.

Answer: radioactive

Flashcard 3: A _____ is bacteria with plasmids containing DNA fragments representing the majority of the genetic information from a plant or animal.

Answer: genomic library

Flashcard 4: In the second step of PCR, _____ anneal to specific sequences on each DNA strand to be amplified

Answer: DNA primers

Flashcard 5: FISH may be carried out in Metaphase or _____phase of the cell cycle.

Answer: Inter

Flashcard 6: _____ test is a widely used biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.

Answer: Ames

Flashcard 7: There are approximately _____ genes present in the human genome.

Answer: 20,000-25,000

Extra: The number of protein-coding genes in the human genome was initially estimated by the Human Genome Project to be around 30,000-40,000, but has since been refined to approximately 20,000-25,000.

Flashcard 8: Lac Operon: In the presence of _____, the repressor protein is unbound from the operator site, leading to increased transcription

Answer: high lactose

Flashcard 9: Histone _____ usually activates DNA transcription

Answer: acetylation

Flashcard 10: DNA _____ at CpG islands represses transcription

Answer: methylation